VOCABULARY

Note.—This vocabulary is not intended to contain all the words that occur in the Italian text. The forms of the definite article and the most common of the pronouns have been purposely omitted. Likewise words whose form and meaning are the same, or substantially the same, in both Italian and English, have usually been excluded. The gender of Italian nouns has been noted only in the more exceptional cases. Of those whose gender is not indicated, nouns ending in o and those denoting male beings are masculine, nouns ending in a, u, -zione, -gione, or -udine, and those denoting female beings are feminine. The plural form of nouns is given only in exceptional instances; and in case of adjectives the masculine singular is uniformly given, even though a feminine or plural form is the only one occurring in the text.

The following abbreviations are used:—

A dash denotes that an Italian word is to be repeated.

a, to, towards, at, on, as.

abbaiare, to bark.

abbandonare, to abandon, let fall.

abbassare, to lower.

abbasso, below, down-stairs.

abbastanza, enough, sufficiently.

abbattimento, depression.

abbellire, to beautify, adorn.

abbi, imper. of avere.

abbigliamento, dress, attire.

abbisognare, to need, require.

abbracciare, to embrace.

abbrunato, in mourning.

abile, clever, skilful.

abitante, m., inhabitant.

abitare, to inhabit, live in.

abitazione, dwelling.

abito, suit of clothes, gown, coat.

abituale, habitual.

abitualmente, habitually.

abitudine, habit.

abiurare, to abjure, renounce.

accademia, academy, society.

accademico, academician.

accadere, to happen, take place.

accalcarsi, to press, crowd together.

accampamento, camp.

accanto (a), near, beside.

accavallare, to pile up.

accendersi, to become inflamed, excited.

accennare, to hint, indicate.

accento, accent, tone.

acceso, lighted, burning.

accessorio, minor feature.

accettare, to accept, receive.

acchiappare, to seize, catch.

accidenti! bad luck to them!

accidia, sloth, indolence.

accingersi, to prepare one's self.

accinsero, pret. of accingere.

accogliere, to receive, welcome.

accolse, pret. of accogliere.

accolto, part. of accogliere.

accomiatarsi, to take one's leave.

accomodare, to arrange, adorn;

——si, to sit down, stop.

accompagnamento, accompaniment.

accompagnare, to accompany, follow.

acconsentire, to consent, agree.

accordo, accord, harmony.

accorgersi (di), to perceive.

accorrere, to run up.

accorse, pret. of accorgere.

accorso, part. of accorrere.

accorto, part. of accorgere.

accostarsi, to approach.

accosto, near, close to.

accreditato, accredited.

accurato, accurate, exact.

acefalo, acephal.

acqua, water.

acquistare, to acquire.

acrimonia, acrimony, bitterness.

acume, m., acumen, sharpness of intellect.

acuto, acute, sharp, shrill.

ad (before vowels). See a.

adagiare, to put down slowly, place carefully.

adagio, adage, saying.

adattato, adapted, suitable.

addietro, back, before.

addio, adieu, farewell.

addirittura, at once.

addormentato, asleep.

addossato, leaning against.

addosso, upon one's back, upon it;

—– a, upon.

addottorarsi, to receive a doctor's degree.

aderenza, connection, dependence.

adesione, f., consent.

adesso, now.

adoperare, to use, employ;

——si, to try, endeavor.

adornare, to adorn.

adottare, to adopt.

adulazione, adulation, flattery.

adunanza, meeting, assembly.

affabilità, affability, courtesy.

affaccendato, very busy, occupied.

affacciarsi, to appear, show one's self.

affannoso, painful, distressing.

affare, m., affair, business.

affatto, entirely, at all.

affermare, to affirm.

afferrare, to seize, lay hold of.

affettare, to cut in bits, chop.

affetto, affection; affected.

affettuosamente, affectionately.

affettuoso, affectionate, kind.

affezionato, affectionate.

affezione, affection, love.

affidare, to entrust.

affinchè, in order that.

affine, in order to.

afflitto, afflicted.

afflizione, affliction.

affogare, to drown.

affrettarsi, to hasten, hurry.

affronto, affront, insult.

agente, agent, steward, manager.

agghiacciare, to freeze, chill.

aggiungere, to add.

aggiunse, pret. of aggiungere.

aggiunto, added.

aggrapparsi, to cling to.

aggraziato, graceful, genteel.

aghetto, lace (corset).

agiato, at one's ease.

agio, ease, leisure.

agitare, to swing, shake, move, agitate.

agitazione, agitation.

agnellino, lambkin.

agnello, lamb, lambkin.

agonia, agony.

agosto, August.

agrario, agrarian.

agricoltore, farmer.

agricoltura, agriculture.

aguzzare, to sharpen, strain.

aguzzino, jailer, guard.

aia, garden-plot.

aiutare, to aid, assist.

aiuto, aid, help.

ala (pl. ali), wing, shelter.

albagia, pride, ostentation.

albergo, hotel.

albero, tree.

alcuno, some, any.

alienazione, alienation, derangement.

alieno, alien, far from.

alito, gentle breeze, zephyr, breath, inspiration.

allacciare, to fasten.

allargare, to enlarge, let out.

allegro, cheerful, gay.

allineare, to place in a line.

allontanare, to remove, send away;

——si, to get away, go away.

allora, then, at that time.

allorchè, when, while.

allucinazione, hallucination.

allungare, to stretch out, lengthen.

almeno, at least.

alquanto, somewhat.

altamente, highly, greatly.

alterato, changed.

altezza, height.

alto, high, lofty, tall, above;

in –, on high, up.

altro, other, another, anything else.

altrui, of others.

alunn -o, -a, pupil.

alveare, m., beehive.

alzare, to raise, lift up, rise;

——si, to get up, rise.

amabilità, affability.

amare, to love, like.

amareggiare, to imbitter.

amaro, bitter, sad.

amato, loved, beloved.

ambascia, anxiety, distress.

ambire, to aspire to, wish.

ambizione, ambition.

ambizioso, ambitious.

ambulanza, ambulance.

amica, female friend.

amicizia, friendship.

amico, friend.

amido, starch.

ammasso, heap, mass.

ammazzare, to kill.

ammesso, admitted, received.

amministrare, to administer.

ammirare, to admire.

ammirazione, admiration.

ammobiliato, furnished.

ammonire, to admonish, warn.

ammonizione, admonition.

amore, m., love, affection.

amoretto, slight attachment, petty love-affair.

amorosamente, lovingly.

ampio, ample, wide, spacious.

amplesso, embrace, clasp.

amputazione, amputation.

anche, also, still, likewise, even.

anco, also.

ancora, still, yet, again.

andamento, running, management.

andare, to go, walk, move; to suit, fit; to be;

——sene, to go away.

anelare, to long for.

anelito, gasp.

angolo, angle, corner.

angoscia, anguish, pain.

angustia, affliction, grievance.

anima, soul, life, mind, person.

animare, to animate;

——si, to become animated, excited.

animatamente, with animation.

animo, mind, intellect.

annaffiatoio, watering-pot.

annientare, to annihilate.

anno, year.

annodare, to tie.

annoiarsi, to be wearied, bored.

annoiato, annoyed, wearied.

annunziare, to announce.

annunzio, announcement.

ansare, to pant;

n. m., panting, puffing.

ansia, anxiety.

antenna, yard (of a ship).

anticipazione, anticipation.

antico, former, ancient, old.

antipatia, antipathy.

antipatico, repulsive.

anzi, rather, even, also, on the contrary.

anziano, ancient, old.

anzichenò, rather than otherwise.

ape, f., bee.

aperse, pret. of aprire.

apertamente, frankly.

aperto, open, extended;

part. of aprire.

apocrifo, apocryphal, spurious.

appannato, clouded, darkened.

apparecchiare, to prepare.

apparecchio, apparatus.

apparenza, appearance.

apparizione, appearance.

appartamento, apartment.

appartenere, to belong.

appassionato, passionate.

appena, hardly, scarcely, as soon as.

appendice, f., supplement.

appiccicare, to stick, tack.

appieno, fully.

applauso, applause.

applicare, to apply.

applicato, clerk, employee.

applicazione, application.

appoggiato, leaning.

approfittare (di), to take advantage (of).

approvare, to approve, confirm.

approvazione, approval.

appunto, precisely, just.

aprico, sunny.

aprire, to open, begin.

aquila, eagle, 'great genius.'

arancia, orange.

arco, arch, curve.

ardere, to burn.

ardire, to dare.

ardito, courageous, intrepid.

argano, capstan.

argento, silver.

argomentazione, argumentation.

argomento, subject, theme, argument, reason.

arguto, sharp, subtle, witty.

aria, air.

aridità, barrenness.

arlecchino, harlequin.

armonioso, harmonious.

arrabbiarsi, to get angry, furious.

arrampicarsi, to climb, clamber.

arrestare, to stop;

——si, to stop.

arricchito, enriched, grown rich.

arrischiarsi, to dare, venture.

arrischiato, bold, rash.

arrivare, to arrive, succeed.

arrivo, arrival.

arrossire, to redden, blush.

arrotolato, rolled up.

arruffare, to disorder.

arruffato, dishevelled.

arruolato, enlisted.

arte, f., art.

artesiano, artesian.

articolo, article;

—– di fondo, leader, editorial.

artificio, artifice;

fuochi d'–, fireworks.

artistico, artistic, artist-like.

ascella, armpit.

asciugare, to dry, wipe.

ascoltare, to listen to.

asino, ass, donkey.

aspettare, to wait, await, expect.

aspettativa, expectation.

aspetto, aspect, mien, look.

aspirare, to aspire.

aspro, rough, rugged.

assaettato, exceedingly, shockingly.

assaggiare, to taste, try.

assai, much, enough, very.

assalire, to assail.

assaporare, to relish, enjoy.

assassino, assassin, murderer.

assennato, prudent, sensible.

asserzione, assertion.

assestato, prudent, careful.

assicurare, to assure.

assiduamente, assiduously.

assistere, to be present.

assoluto, absolute.

assoluzione, acquittal.

assolvere, to acquit.

assopirsi, to become drowsy.

assopito, drowsy, sleepy.

assordante, deafening.

assorto, absorbed.

assuefatto, accustomed.

assurdo, absurd.

asta, stick, handle, straight line, stroke.

astenzione, abstinence.

astro, star.

astronomo, astronomer.

astuzia, cunning, wiliness.

ateo, atheistic.

atmosfera, atmosphere.

atrabiliare, atrabilious, hypochondriac, melancholy.

attaccare, to attach, tie, fasten, attack, begin.

atteggiamento, attitude.

atteggiarsi, to bestir one's self.

attendere, to expect.

attentamente, attentively, carefully.

attenuare, to lessen, weaken.

atterrito, terrified.

attimo, moment, instant.

attitudine, ability.

atto, act, gesture, movement, action, manner.

attorno (a), about, around.

attraversare, to cross, pass over.

attraverso, through.

attribuire, to attribute.

audace, audacious, bold.

audacia, audacity, boldness.

augurare, to wish for.

aula, hall, room.

aumento, increase.

austriaco, Austrian.

autorità, authority.

autunno, autumn.

avamposto, outpost, advanced guard.

avanti, before, ahead, forward.

avanzamento, advancement.

avanzarsi, to advance.

avaro, avaricious; miser.

avere, to have.

avorio, ivory.

avvedersi, to perceive.

avvenenza, elegance, grace.

avvenimento, event.

avvenire, to happen;

n. m., future.

avventarsi, to rush, fall upon.

avverare, to confirm.

avvertire, to inform, warn, observe.

avvezzo, accustomed.

avviarsi, to set out, start on.

avvicinare, to bring or place near, approach;

——si, to approach.

avvide, pret. of avvedere.

avviluppare, to envelop.

avviso, announcement, notice.

avviticchiato, clinging to.

avvocatarsi, to practise law.

avvocato, lawyer.

azione, action.

azzurro, azure.

babbo, father, papa.

babbuino, baboon, ugly, stupid man.

bacchetta, rod, wand.

bacco, Bacchus;

per –! indeed! heavens!

baciare, to kiss.

bacio, kiss.

badare, to mind, take care, pay attention.

baffi, m. pl., mustaches.

bagliore, m., dazzling light.

bagnare, to bathe.

bagnatura, bathing season.

bagno, bath.

baionetta, bayonet.

balbettare, to stammer.

balcone, m., balcony.

balenare, to flash, occur.

baleno, flash of lightning.

balia, nurse.

ballare, to dance.

balordo, stupid, foolish.

balzare, to leap, jump, throw.

bambino, child, infant.

banca, bank.

banco, sandbank, shoal, bank, office.

bandiera, banner, flag.

bandire, to publish.

baraonda, commotion, confusion.

barba, beard.

barbaglio, dazzling.

barbarie, f., barbarity.

barca, bark, boat.

baronessa, baroness.

Bartolommeo, Bartholomew.

basso, low, bowed;

a –, down, below, come down!

basta! enough!

bastare, to suffice, be enough.

bastoncino, stick, cane.

bastone, m., stick, rod, wand.

battaglia, battle.

battaglione, m., battalion.

battere, to strike, beat, clap;

——si, to fight.

battistrada, m., running footman.

baule, m., trunk.

bavero, collar.

beato, happy, beautiful.

bella, belle, beauty.

bellezza, beauty, perfection.

bellino, pretty, pleasing.

bello, beautiful, handsome, fine.

benchè, although.

bene, well, exactly, very;

per –, thoroughly;

—– arrivato, welcome;

n. m., good, benefit;

pl., riches, property.

benedetto, blessed.

beneficio, benefit.

benevolmente, kindly.

beninteso, of course.

bensì, yes, certainly, but.

benvenuto, welcome.

bere, to drink, swallow, believe.

bernoccolo, bump, swelling.

berrett -o, -a, cap.

bersagliere, sharpshooter.

bestemmiare, to blaspheme.

bestia, beast, animal.

Bettina, Betsy, Betty.

bevere. See bere.

biada, standing grain.

biancheggiare, to grow white.

bianco, white, pale.

biblioteca, library.

bicchiere, m., glass, goblet.

bidello, beadle.

bigliardo, billiards.

bimba, child.

bimbetto, little child, babe.

binario, track.

biondino, fair-haired boy.

biondo, blond, fair.

birichina! little rogue!

bisbetico, whimsical, morose.

bisbigliare, to whisper, murmur.

bisbiglio, murmur, whispering.

bisognare, to be necessary, must.

bisogno, need.

bisticciarsi, to dispute, quarrel.

bizzarro, odd, bizarre.

bocca, mouth.

boccata, mouthful, breath.

boccone, m., mouthful, morsel.

bolognese, Bolognese.

bomba, bomb.

bonaccia, calm, happiness.

bonomia, bonhomie, good-nature, simplicity.

bontà, goodness, kindness.

borbottare, to mutter, grumble;

n. m., murmur, muttering.

bordo, border, board;

a –, on board.

boreale, boreal, northern.

boria, arrogance, conceit.

bosco, wood, forest.

bottegaio, shopkeeper.

braccetto, small arm;

a –, arm in arm.

braccio (pl. f., braccia), arm.

bragia, live coal, burning coal.

branco, drove, herd.

bravamente, bravely.

bravo, brave, skilful, good, honest; bravo! excellent!

breve, brief, short, a few.

brevetto, patent.

brezza, breeze.

brigante, brigand, ruffian.

brillante, brilliant.

brillare, to shine.

brizzolato, spotted, sprinkled.

broccato, brocade.

brontolare, to mutter.

brontolona, grumbling woman.

brontolone, m., grumbler.

brulichio, swarming, hum.

bruno, dark; mourning.

bruscamente, bluntly, abruptly.

brutto, ugly, dirty, unpleasant.

bucato, wash, washing.

buccia, rind, shell.

buco, hole, cavity.

bufera, hurricane, storm.

buffetto, rap, blow.

buio, dark, gloomy; darkness.

buono, good, kind, fit, able, right;

alla buona, plain, without ceremony.

burburo, sullen, surly.

burlarsi (di), to make fun (of).

burocrazia, bureaucracy.

burrasca, storm, hurricane.

burrascoso, stormy.

busillis, m., difficulty.

bussa, trouble, grief.

bussare, to rap, knock.

bussola, compass, reckoning.

busto, body, breast.

buttare, to throw, fling.

cabina, cabin, stateroom.

caccia, chase, hunting.

cacciare, to chase, thrust.

cadavere, m., dead body, corpse.

cadere, to fall.

cagionato, caused, occasioned.

cagione, cause, reason;

a – di, because of, on account of.

calamaio, inkstand.

calare, to lower, descend;

—– a basso, to get down.

calca, crowd, throng, press.

calcare, to press.

calcio, kick.

caldo, heat.

calendrio, calendar.

calligrafia, penmanship.

calligrafo, calligrapher, writing-master.

calma, tranquillity, mental quiet, calmness.

calmare, to calm, quiet.

calmo, calm, quiet.

calore, m., heat, warmth, ardor.

caloroso, ardent, animated.

calpestare, to tread upon.

calunnia, calumny, slander.

calunniare, to calumniate, slander.

calvo, bald.

calzare, to put on, suit, fit.

calzolaio, shoemaker.

calzoni, m. pl., breeches, trousers.

cambiamento, change.

cambiare, to change.

camera, chamber, room, apartment.

camerata, m., comrade.

cameretta, small room.

camicia, shirt, chemise.

camiciola, undershirt.

Camillo, Camillus.

camminare, to walk, travel.

cammino, road, route, way, headway.

campagna, country, estate.

campana, bell.

campanello, bell, doorbell.

campanile, m., belfry, steeple.

campo, field.

canapè, m., sofa.

canarino, canary bird.

cancellata, railing, iron gate, grille.

cancelliere, m., registrar.

candeliere, m., chandelier.

candido, candid, white.

cane, m., dog.

cangiare, to change.

cantare, to sing, praise.

canto, singing, song.

cantoniere, track-hand, flagman.

cantuccio, corner, hiding-place.

canzonare, to ridicule, laugh at, make fun of.

canzonatura, mockery, derision.

capata, blow with the head.

capelli, m. pl., hair.

capire, to understand, be contained.

capitale, m., capital, fund, stock.

capitano, captain.

capitare, to succeed, happen, arrive.

capo, head, chief, leader, manager;

a – fitto, headlong;

in – a, at the end of.

capo-fabbrica, manager.

capostazione, station-agent.

capovolgere, to overturn;

——si, to capsize, upset.

cappella, chapel.

cappello, hat.

capriccio, caprice.

capriccioso, capricious.

carattere, m., character, disposition, mark, letter.

carena, keel of a ship.

carezza, caress, attention.

caricatura, caricature.

carico, loaded.

carino, dear, amiable.

carità, charity;

per –, I beg you.

Carlo, Charles.

carnagione, complexion, color.

carne, f., flesh, meat.

carnevale, m., carnival.

caro, dear, beloved; dear one, dearness, high price;

aver –, to like.

carpino, hornbeam, yoke elm.

carriera, career, course, race.

carrozza, coach, carriage.

carta, paper, page, card.

casa, house, home, firm, establishment;

a –, home.

cascante, falling, overcome, loose, unfastened.

cascare, to fall.

cascata, cascade, waterfall.

casetta, cottage, small house.

caso, chance, case, accident, condition.

casolare, m., old house, hut.

cassa, drum.

cassiere, m., cashier.

castagno, chestnut, brown.

castello, castle.

catasta, pile, mass.

catastrofe, f., catastrophe.

catena, chain, iron band.

catinella, basin, wash-basin.

cattedra, chair, desk.

cattiveria, malice.

cattivo, bad, wretched, paltry, ill.

cattivuccio, bad, mischievous.

causeuse, f., causeuse, small sofa.

cavaliere, cavalier, knight, chevalier, escort;

—– servente, lady's admirer, escort.

cavalleggiero, light-horseman.

cavalleria, cavalry.

cavallino, colt, nag.

cavallo, horse;

a –, on horseback.

cavare, to take, draw, pull, dig, draw out, get out.

cavità, cavity.

ce. See ci.

cedere, to yield, give up.

cedro, lemon.

celato, concealed, hidden.

celebre, celebrated, famous.

celeste, blue.

celiare, to jest, joke, quiz.

cellulare, cellular.

cencio, rag, tatter.

cencioso, ragged, tattered.

cenere, f., ashes.

cenno, beck, nod, signal.

centenario, centennial.

centimetro, centimetre.

centinaio, hundred.

cento, hundred.

centocinquanta, hundred and fifty.

ceppo, trunk, stem.

cera, face, look.

cercare, to seek, search, look for, try.

cerimonia, ceremony.

certamente, certainly.

certezza, certainty, assurance.

certo, certain, some; certainly.

cervellino, harebrained, heedless.

cervello, brain.

cervia, hind, fawn.

cessare, to cease, discontinue.

cetriolo, pumpkin.

che, than, when, because, but, till, until; who, which, what, that;

non… che, only.

chè, for.

checchè, whatever.

chi, who, whom, some, he who.

chiacchierare, to chat.

chiamare, to call, name;

——si, to be named.

chiapperello, trick, ruse.

chiaro, clear, clearly.

chiasso, noise, romping, frolic.

chiave, f., key.

chichirichì, m., crowing.

chiedere, to ask, beg.

chiese, pret. of chiedere.

chilometro, kilometre.

chinare, to bend, lower, bow;

—– il viso, to look down;

——si, to stoop down, bow.

chioma, leafy top, leaves.

chirurgico, surgical.

chiudere, to close, shut up, end.

chiunque, anybody.

chiuse, pret. of chiudere.

chiuso, part. of chiudere; closed, covered.

ci, there, here; to us, us.

ciarla, chatter.

ciascheduno, each, every one.

ciascuno, each.

cicerbita, sow-thistle.

cieco, blind, dark.

cielo, heaven, sky.

cigolio, cracking, creaking.

ciliegio, cherry.

cilindro, high hat.

cima, summit, top;

in – a, to (at) the top of.

cimiterio, cemetery.

cingere, to surround, embrace.

cinghia, girth, belt.

cinquanta, fifty.

cinque, five.

cinta, enclosure.

cinto, surrounded.

ciò, that.

ciocchè, what, that which.

cioè, that is, namely.

circondare, to surround.

circonlocuzione, circumlocution, periphrasis.

circostante, m., person present.

circostanza, circumstance.

citare, to cite, quote.

città, city, town.

cittadino, citizen.

civetteria, coquetry, flirtation.

clandestino, clandestine, secret.

clarinetto, clarinet.

classe, f., class, class-room.

classificazione, classification, report.

clero, clergy.

cocchiere, coachman.

coda, tail.

codardo, cowardly.

codazzo, cortège, procession.

codesto. See cotesto.

codice, m., code.

codino, little tail.

cogliere, to cull, pick, gather, catch.

cognata, sister-in-law.

cognome, m., cognomen, surname.

colà, there.

colazione, breakfast.

colei, she, that woman.

collana, necklace.

colle, m., hill.

collega, m., colleague, associate.

collegio, college.

collera, anger, passion.

colletto, collar.

collina, hill.

collo, neck;

in –, upon one's shoulders.

collocare, to place.

colmo, height.

colomba, dove, pigeon.

Colombo, Columbus.

colonna, column, row.

colonnello, colonel.

colono, ploughman, farmer.

colore, m., color;

pigliar –, to succeed.

coloro, those, they.

colossale, colossal, huge.

colpa, fault.

colpevole, guilty, culpable.

colpire, to strike, hit.

colpo, blow, stroke;

—– di Stato, coup d'état.

colsi, pret. of cogliere.

coltello, knife.

coltivato, cultivated, improved.

coltivatore, m., ploughman, farmer.

colto, part. of cogliere; cultivated, refined.

coltura, cultivation.

colui, that one, the one, he.

comare, godmother.

combattere, to combat, fight.

come, as, like, as if, as it were, how, what;

n. m., way, manner.

comico, comical, ludicrous, merry.

cominciare, to commence.

comitiva, retinue, company.

commento, comment, remark.

commercio, commerce.

commesso, clerk.

commiserare, to commiserate, pity.

commosso, moved, affected.

commozione, emotion.

compagnia, company.

compagn -o, -a, companion, mate.

comparire, to appear.

compatriota, m., compatriot.

compendiare, to epitomize.

compensare, to compensate, pay.

compenso, compensation.

comperare. See comprare.

competente, competent, qualified.

compiacente, amiable, kind, polite.

compiacenza, complacency.

compiangere, to pity, lament.

compito, task, examination.

compiuto, finished.

complicato, complicated.

componere. See comporre.

comporre, to compose, dispose.

composto, composition, mixture;

part. of comporre.

comprare, to buy.

comprendere, to understand.

compresso, pressed, jammed.

compunto, grieved.

comune, common, public;

n. m., community, commune.

comunemente, commonly.

comunicare, to communicate.

comunicazione, report.

comunque, however.

con, with.

concedere, to concede, grant, give.

concetto, conception, thought, idea.

conchiuso, concluded, settled.

conciare, to dress, adorn.

concitato, hurried, rapid.

concludere, to conclude.

concorrere, to concur, co-operate.

concorso, concourse, meeting, co-operation.

condanna, condemnation.

condannare, to condemn.

condiscepolo, schoolfellow.

condizione, condition.

condotta, part. of condurre; conduct.

conducere. See condurre.

condurre, to conduct, lead, take.

condusse, pret. of condurre.

conferenza, lecture, meeting.

confermare, to confirm.

confessare, to confess.

confidare, to confide.

confidente, confident, confiding;

n. m. or f., confidant.

confidenza, confidence.

confondere, to confound, confuse;

——si, to get confused.

confronto, comparison.

confuso, confused, abashed.

congedo, dismissal, release.

congiuntura, complication, crisis.

congiurare, to conjure, conspire.

congratulazione, congratulation.

congresso, congress, assembly.

conigliera, rabbit-warren.

coniglio, rabbit.

coniugi, m. pl., husband and wife.

conoscente, m. or f., acquaintance.

conoscenza, acquaintance.

conoscere, to know, be acquainted with.

conquistare, to conquer.

consacrare, to devote.

consegnare, to consign, give, hand over.

conseguenza, consequence, inference.

consenso, consent.

consentire, to consent, allow.

conservare, to keep, preserve.

considerare, to consider.

considerazione, consideration.

considerevole, considerable, important.

consigliare, to counsel, advise.

consiglio, counsel, advice, council.

consolare, to console, comfort.

consolazione, consolation.

console, consul.

consorte, wife.

consueto, accustomed, usual.

consuetudine, custom, habit.

consultare, to consult.

consumare, to consume.

contadin -o, -a, peasant, country-man or country-woman.

contare, to count, reckon.

contatto, contact, touch.

contegno, aspect, behavior.

contemplare, to contemplate, consider, behold.

contemplativo, contemplative.

contemplazione, contemplation.

contemporaneo, contemporary.

contendente, m. or f., antagonist.

contenersi, to behave.

contentezza, contentment, satisfaction.

contento, content, satisfied.

contessa, countess.

continuare, to continue.

continuo, continual.

conto, account, reckoning.

contraersi, to contract.

contrariare, to oppose, thwart.

contrarietà, tribulation, sorrow.

contrario, contrary, adverse.

contratto, contracted.

contrito, contrite, penitent.

contro, against.

controllare, to control.

conveniente, suitable, proper.

convenienza, propriety.

convenire, to suit, agree.

convento, convent.

conversazione, conversation.

convertire, to convert.

convincere, to convince.

convinto, convinced.

convoglio, train.

coperta, deck.

coperto, cover, shelter; covered.

copia, abundance.

copiare, to copy.

coppia, couple, pair.

coprire, to cover;

—–si, to put on one's hat.

coraggio, courage.

coraggiosamente, courageously.

corbelleria, trifle, folly, stupid thing.

corbezzoli! indeed! heavens!

corda, cord, string.

cordialità, cordiality.

cordialmente, cordially.

coricarsi, to lie down.

coro, chorus.

corpicino, little body.

corpo, body, corps.

correggere, to correct.

corrente, f., current.

correre, to run, circulate.

corretto, part. of correggere.

corrispondente, m., correspondent.

corrugare, to wrinkle.

corsa, course, race, running.

corse, pret. of correre.

corsia, passage, aisle.

corsivo, cursive, running.

corso, part. of correre; course.

corte, f., court.

cortese, courteous.

cortesia, courtesy, civility, politeness.

cortile, m., court, yard.

cortina, curtain.

corto, short.

cosa, thing, matter;

che –, what.

coscienza, conscience, conscientiousness.

coscienzioso, conscientious.

così, thus, so, as it were.

cosidetto, so-called.

cospetto, aspect, sight, view, face.

cospicuo, conspicuous.

costa, coast.

costante, constant.

costì, there.

costretto, constrained, obliged.

costringere, to force, oblige.

costui, this one, this fellow.

costume, m., custom, habit.

cotesto, that, this.

cotto, cooked; desperately.

cozzo, clash;

dar di –, to collide.

cranio, cranium, skull.

cravatta, cravat, necktie.

creare, to create, form.

creato, creation, the world.

creatura, creature.

crebbe, pret. of crescere.

credere, to believe.

cremisi, crimson.

crescere, to increase, grow.

cristallo, crystal.

criterio, judgement, good sense.

crocchio, party, circle.

croce, f., cross, decoration.

crostaceo, crustacean.

crudele, cruel.

crusca, bran.

cucina, kitchen.

cugin -o, -a, cousin.

cuginetta, little cousin.

cullare, to rock, lull, quiet.

culto, worship, creed.

cultura, culture.

cuore, m., heart, courage, middle;

di –, willingly.

cura, care, solicitude.

curarsi, to care for, mind, heed.

curato, parson, priest.

curiosità, curiosity.

curioso, curious, inquisitive.

curva, curve, contour, outline.

cuscino, cushion.

da, by, from. See I. note 10.

dabbenaggine, f., stupidity.

dabbene, good, upright.

daccapo, again.

dacchè, since.

dama, lady.

damascato, damask.

danaro. See denaro.

dannoso, harmful, injurious.

dappertutto, everywhere.

dapprima, at first.

dare, to give, break out;

—– a divedere, to show;

—– di, to call.

davanti, before, fore (of paws);

—– a, before.

davvero, indeed, in truth.

debbo, pres. of dovere.

decidere, to decide;

——si, to decide.

decise, pret. of decidere.

deciso, decided, resolved.

decoro, decorum, dignity.

deferenza, deference.

definitivamente, definitely.

degnarsi, to deign, condescend.

degnazione, condescension.

degno, worthy.

deliberare, to decide.

deliberazione, deliberation.

delicato, delicate.

delirio, delirium, raving.

delizia, delight, pleasure.

delizioso, delicious, delightful.

deluso, deluded, deceived.

demonio, demon, devil.

denaro, money.

dente, m., tooth.

dentro, in, within.

deperire, to pine away.

deporre, to deposit, lay down.

deposito, deposit, trust, charge.

deposto, part. of deporre.

deprimente, strict, rigorous.

deputato, deputy, congressman.

derivare, to spring, come.

descrivere, to describe.

descrizione, description.

deserto, desert, wilderness; deserted.

desiderare, to long for, desire.

desiderio, desire, longing.

desideroso, desirous.

desinare, m., dinner.

dessa, she, herself, the same.

desso, he, himself, the same.

destare, to awake, arouse.

destinare, to destine, appoint.

destino, destiny, fate.

destra, right hand, side.

destrezza, dexterity, agility.

destro, right.

dettare, to dictate.

dette, pret. of dare.

detto, part. of dire;

n. m., saying.

deve, pres. of dovere.

deviare, to deviate, go out of, turn aside.

devo, pres. of dovere.

di, of, in, than, from.

di', imper. of dire.

dia, subj. of dare.

dialogo, dialogue, conference.

diamante, m., diamond.

diavolo, devil, fellow.

dibattersi, to struggle.

dibattimento, debate, contest, trial.

dice, pres. of dire.

dicendo, part. of dire.

dicerto, certainly, surely.

dicesse, imperf. subj. of dire.

diceva(no), dicevo, imperf. ind. of dire.

dichiarare, to declare.

dichiarazione, declaration.

diciotto, eighteen.

dico, pres. of dire.

diè, pret. of dare.

dieci, ten.

diede, pret. of dare.

dietro (a), behind, after.

difatti, in fact.

difendere, to defend, protect.

difetto, defect.

difficile, difficult.

difficoltà, difficulty.

diffidenza, diffidence, distrust, suspicion.

diffuso, diffuse.

digiuno, fast, fasting.

dimenare, to agitate, wave.

dimenticare, to forget;

——si, to forget.

dimestichezza, familiarity.

dimissione, f., resignation.

dimodochè, so that.

dimolto, much, very much.

dimostrare, to demonstrate.

dimostrazione, demonstration.

dinanzi, before.

dintorni, m. pl., environs.

Dio, God;

per –, for God's sake.

dipendere (da), to belong to.

dipoi, afterwards.

dire, to say, tell;

oler –, to mean, signify;

n. m., saying.

direttamente, directly.

direzione, management, direction.

dirimpetto, opposite to.

diritto, right.

dirottamente, bitterly.

dirotto, heavy, severe.

disadorno, unadorned.

disagiato, uncomfortable.

disagio, trouble, fatigue;

stare a –, to be uneasy.

disamore, m., hatred.

disastro, disaster.

discendere, to descend, go down, come down.

discesa, descent.

discese, pret. of discendere.

discinto, half dressed.

discorrere, to discourse, talk.

discorso, discourse, speech, talk, subject;

pl., words.

discrepanza, discrepancy, difference.

discreto, discreet, prudent.

disegnare, to design, draw, trace.

disegno, plan, project.

disgrazia, misfortune, disaster;

per –, unfortunately.

disgraziato, unfortunate.

disgustato, disgusted, displeased.

disingannato, undeceived.

disinganno, disillusion.

disopra, m., the upper hand.

disordinato, in disorder.

disordine, m., disorder, confusion.

dispaccio, despatch, telegram.

disparato, unlike, unequal.

disparte, apart, aside;

in –, aside.

disperarsi, to despair, despond.

disperatamente, desperately.

disperato, desperate.

disperazione, despair.

dispetto; a – di, in spite of.

dispiacere, to displease;

mi dispiace, I am sorry;

n. m., affliction, displeasure.

disponere, to dispose, prepare.

disponibile, disposable, unoccupied.

disposizione, disposition, arrangement.

disposto, arranged, disposed.

disprezzare, to despise.

disprezzo, contempt, scorn.

disse, pret. of dire.

dissimulare, to dissemble, conceal.

dissipare, to dissipate.

distante, distant, removed.

distanza, distance.

distendere, to stretch, spread.

distesa; a –, uninterruptedly.

distese, pret. of distendere.

disteso, stretched out.

distinguere, to distinguish.

distratto, distracted.

distruggere, to destroy.

distrutto, destroyed.

disturbare, to disturb.

disubbidire, to disobey.

dito (pl. f., dita), finger, finger's breadth.

divano, divan, sofa.

divedere. See dare.

divenire, to become.

diventare, to become.

diversamente, differently.

diverso, different, diverse.

divertimento, diversion.

divertire, to divert, enjoy.

dividere, to separate.

divisa, uniform.

divisione, f., division, share.

diviso, divided, separated.

dobbiamo, pres. of dovere.

doccia, gutter, eaves-trough, douche, shower-bath.

dodici, twelve.

dolce, sweet, gentle, mild, charming.

dolcemente, softly, gently.

dolcezza, sweetness, affability, charm.

dolore, m., anguish, grief.

doloroso, painful, sad.

domanda, demand, question, request.

domandare, to demand, ask;

(a, of).

domani, to-morrow;

n. m., the morrow.

domattina, to-morrow morning.

domestico, domestic, servant.

dondolare, to swing, toss.

donna, woman, wife, lady.

donzella, damsel, maid.

dopo, then, afterwards, after, behind.

dopodichè, after which.

dopopranzo, evening.

doppiamente, doubly.

doppio, double.

dorato, gilded, adorned.

dormire, to sleep;

——sene, to sleep.

dorso, back.

dose, f., dose, portion.

dote, f., quality, dowry, gift.

dotto, learned, erudite; learned man.

dottore, m., doctor.

Douvres, Dover.

dove, where.

dovere, to owe, must, ought, have to, be to;

n. m., duty.

dozzina, dozen.

drappello, troop, company.

drappo, covering, veil, shroud.

dritto, straight, straight forward.

drizzarsi, to stand erect, tower.

dubbio, doubt, suspicion.

dubitare, to doubt, fear.

due, two;

tutti e –, both.

dunque, then.

durante, during.

durare, to last, endure, suffer, undergo.

duro, hard.

e, and.

è, pres. of essere.

ebbe, pret. of avere.

ebbene, well, very well.

ebbrezza, intoxication, infatuation.

eccellenza, excellency.

eccesso, excess.

eccettuare, to except.

eccezione, exception.

eccitare, to excite.

ecco, here is, here are, there is, there are, behold.

eco, echo.

ed (before vowels), and.

educare, to educate.

educazione, education.

effetto, effect.

efficace, efficacious, forcible.

effige, f., effigy, form, likeness, shadow.

eguale, equal.

eh, alas! eh?

ehi, ah! I say!

ei, for egli.

elaborato, work, exercise, paper.

elefante, m., elephant.

elegante, elegant, distinguished, polished.

elemosina, alms, charity.

Elena, Helen.

elettore, m., elector.

elice, m., screw.

elogio, eulogy, praise.

eloquenza, eloquence.

elucubrazione, lucubration, investigation.

emancipato, emancipated.

emergere, to emerge.

emettere, to express, give out.

emigrato, emigrant.

emozione, emotion.

endecasillabo, hendecasyllabic.

enfasi, f., emphasis.

entrambi, both.

entrare, to enter.

entusiasmo, enthusiasm.

epoca, epoch.

eppure, nevertheless.

equazione, equation.

equivalere, to amount to.

era (no), imperf. of essere.

erba, herb, grass.

erborista, m., botanist.

erborizzare, to botanize.

eredità, inheritance.

ereditare, to inherit.

erezione, erection.

ergastolo, prison, penitentiary.

ermeticamente, hermetically.

eroe, hero.

errore, m., error, mistake.

esagerare, to exaggerate.

esalare, to breathe.

esalazione, exhalation, odor.

esaltazione, exaltation, excitement.

esame, m., examination.

esaminando, person to be examined.

esaminare, to examine.

esaurire, to exhaust.

escire. See uscire.

esclamare, to exclaim.

esclamazione, exclamation.

eseguire, to execute.

esempio, example.

esercitare, to exercise, perform.

esercito, army.

esercizio, exercise.

esimere, to exempt, free.

esistenza, existence.

esitazione, hesitation.

esito, success.

espansivo, expansive, talkative.

esperienza, experience.

esplorare, to explore, find out.

esposizione, exposition.

espressione, f., expression.

espressivo, expressive.

espulsione, f., expulsion.

essere, to be;

n. m., being.

estate, f., summer.

estatico, in ecstasy.

esternare, to manifest, avow.

esterrefatto, terrified.

esteso, extended.

estremo, extreme, last, farthest; extremity.

esuberante, abundant, rich.

esuberanza, exuberance.

età, age.

evidenza, evidence.

evitare, to avoid.

evviva, hurrah!

fabbrica, building, manufactory.

fabbricante, f., maker.

fabbricare, to build, construct, make, manufacture.

faccenda, business, occupation, work, duty.

faccenduola, trifling affair, business.

faccia, face;

pres. subj. of fare.

faccio, pres. ind. of fare.

facendo, part. of fare.

facesse, imperf. subj. of fare.

faceto, facetious.

faceva, imperf. ind. of fare.

facile, facile, easy.

fai, pres. of fare.

fallimento, failure, bankruptcy.

fallo, fault, error.

fama, fame.

fame, f., hunger.

famiglia, family.

famoso, famous.

fanale, m., ship's light.

fanciulla, girl, young woman.

fanciullo, child, boy.

fango, mud, dirt, mire.

fantasia, fancy, imagination.

fantasticare, to muse.

fantastico, fantastic, visionary.

fare, to do, make, cause, excite; to stay, show, give, take, pack, finish, suit, fit, ask; to play, personate;

far –, to have made;

—– da, to act as;

—– vedere, to show;

n. m., manner.

farfalla, butterfly.

farina, flour, meal.

farmacista, m., apothecary.

farragine, f., confused mass, medley.

fata, fairy.

fatalismo, fatalism.

fatato, charmed.

fatica, fatigue, difficulty.

faticosamente, laboriously.

faticoso, fatiguing, hard.

fatto, part. of fare; fact, matter, business.

favore, m., favor.

favorevolmente, favorably.

favorire, to favor with.

favorito, favorite.

fazzoletto, handkerchief.

febbre, f., fever.

febbrile, feverish.

fece (ro), pret. of fare.

felice, happy, fortunate, good.

felicità, happiness.

femmina, female, woman.

femminino, feminine.

fendere, to cleave.

fenomeno, phenomenon.

ferire, to wound.

ferita, wound.

ferito, wounded.

fermare, to stop;

——si, to stop.

fermo, still, motionless.

ferrato, bound with iron.

ferro, iron, steel.

ferrovia, railroad.

ferroviario, of a railroad.

fesso, cracked.

festa, festival, banquet, holyday;

—– di (da) ballo, ball.

fiacchezza, lassitude, weakness.

fiaccola, torch, flambeau.

fiamella, little flame.

fiammifero, match.

fiancheggiato, flanked, bordered.

fianco, side, waist.

fiatare, to breathe, speak.

ficcarsi, to intrude, creep in.

fidare, to trust, confide;

——si, to trust to.

fieno, hay.

fieramente, ferociously.

figlia, daughter.

figlio, son.

figliuola, daughter, girl.

figliuolo, son, boy.

figura, figure, appearance, form.

figurare, to imagine, fancy.

figuretta, little figure.

fila, file, row, line.

filo, wire, thread.

filosofo, philosopher.

filza, row, list.

fin. See fine and fino.

finalmente, finally, at last.

finchè, until, as long as.

fine, f., end.

finestra, window.

finezza, politeness, attention.

fingere, to feign.

finire, to finish, end.

fino, fine, small, subtle, cunning; as far as, even, up to;

—– che, until.

finta, feint, dissimulation, pretence.

fioco, weak, faint, hoarse.

fiore, m., flower, beauty.

fiorentin -o, -a, Florentine.

fiorito, covered with flowers.

Firenze, f., Florence.

fischio, whistling, whiz.

fisica, physics.

fisonomia, face, features.

fissare, to gaze at, fix.

fisso, fixed; steadily.

fitto, fixed, thick, rapid; rapidly;

a capo –, headlong.

fiume, m., river.

fiumiciattolo, little stream.

flessuoso, flexible, supple.

focolare, m., hearth, fireplace, home.

foglia, leaf.

foglietto, small sheet of paper.

foglio, sheet of paper, newspaper.

folla, crowd.

folto, thick.

fondo, bottom, depth, fund, background, distance;

dar – a, to spend, waste.

forense, forensic.

forma, form, shape.

formare, to form.

formicolio, pricking.

fornire, to furnish.

fornito, furnished, supplied.

forse, perhaps;

in –, in doubt.

forte, strong; bitterly, hard.

fortuito, fortuitous.

fortuna, fortune.

fortunato, fortunate, lucky.

forza, force, strength, power;

a – di, by dint of;

far –, to compel, force.

forzato, excessive, severe.

fosforescente, phosphorescent.

fosse, subj. of essere.

fosso, ditch.

fosti, pret. of essere.

fra, between, among, in, within, to.

fracasso, noise, fracas.

frammento, fragment.

francamente, frankly.

francese, French, Frenchman.

Francia, France.

frangere, to break.

frantume, m., heap of fragments.

frase, f., sentence, phrase, expression.

frassino, ash-tree.

frastuono, noise, din, uproar.

fratello, brother.

frattanto, in the meantime.

freccia, arrow.

frecciata, shot or wound from an arrow.

freddamente, coldly, coolly.

freddo, cold, lifeless;

aver –, to be cold.

frenare, to restrain, keep back.

frequenza, frequency.

freschezza, freshness.

fresco, fresh, new.

fretta, haste.

frettoloso, in a hurry.

frittata, omelet.

frivolo, frivolous.

frizzo, witty saying.

fronda, leaf.

fronte, f., forehead, front;

di –, openly, directly;

di – a, opposite.

frutto, fruit.

fu, pret. of essere.

fucile, m., musket, gun.

fuggevolmente, momentarily.

fuggire, to flee, run away;

n. m., flight.

fulmine, m., thunderbolt, lightning.

fumare, to smoke.

fune, f., rope.

funebre, funereal.

funerario, funereal.

funicella, cord, string.

funzione, function, duty.

fuoco, fire.

fuorchè, except.

fuori, without, out of, out, outside.

furbo, rogue, knave.

furfante, m., rogue, rascal.

furfanteria, knavery, trick.

furia, fury, rage, haste;

a – di, by dint of.

furibondo, furious, mad.

furioso, furious, raging.

furono, pret. of essere.

fusto, trunk.

futuro, future.

gabinetto, cabinet, study.

gagliardo, strong, robust.

gaio, gay, merry.

gala, finery, gala;

di –, fashionable.

galante, gallant, polite.

galanteria, politeness.

galantuomo, honest man, well-bred man.

galla; a –, floating, afloat, to the surface.

galleria, gallery.

gallo, cock, rooster.

gallonare, to lace, trim.

galoppo, gallop.

gamba, leg.

gambero, crab, lobster.

garbatezza, politeness, attention.

garofano, carnation, pink.

garrulo, garrulous, talkative.

Gaspare, Jasper.

gatta, gatto, cat.

gazzetta, gazette, newspaper.

gelare, to freeze, congeal.

gemello, twin.

gemito, groaning, hissing, groan.

generazione, generation.

genere, m., genus, kind, race.

genero, son-in-law.

genio, genius, inclination;

di suo –, to her liking.

genitori, m. pl., parents.

Genova, Genoa.

gente, f., people.

gentile, polite, kind, affable, gentle, genteel.

gentilezza, affability, gentleness.

gentiluomo, nobleman, gentleman.

geranio, geranium.

germogliato, budded, grown.

geroglifico, hieroglyphic.

gesso, chalk.

gesticolare, to gesticulate.

gestire, to gesticulate.

gesto, gesture, attitude.

gettare, to throw, cast.

ghinghero, finery.

già, already, truly, certainly, yes, indeed.

giacchè, since.

Giacomo, James.

giacchetta, jacket.

giallo, yellow.

giammai, never, ever.

giardiniera, jardinière.

giardino, garden.

gigante, giant.

gigantesco, gigantic.

giocare. See giuocare.

gioco. See giuoco.

gioja, joy.

giornale, m., newspaper, journal.

giornaliero, daily.

giornata, day.

giorno, day.

giovane, young; young man or woman;

pl., young people.

giovanett -o, -a, young person, young gentleman or lady.

giovanile, youthful.

giovare, to aid, help.

gioventù, youth.

giovine. See giovane.

giovinetto. See giovanetto.

giovinezza, youth.

giovinotto. See giovanetto.

girare, to turn, revolve.

giro, turn, rotation, walk, stroll;

in –, about, around.

gironzare, to wander, buzz.

giù, down;

in –, downwards, down.

giubba, jacket, coat.

giudicare, to judge.

giudice, m., judge.

giudizio, judgment, opinion, prudence.

giugno, June.

Giulia, Julia.

Giulietta, Juliet.

giungere, to arrive, reach, succeed.

giunse, pret. of giungere.

giunta, arrival, addition;

part. of giungere;

per –, even, in addition.

giuocare, to play.

giuoco, game, trick, feat.

giurare, to swear, promise.

giurato, juror, juryman.

giureconsulto, jurisconsult.

giurì, m., jury.

giurisprudenza, jurisprudence, law.

giusto, just, precisely, indeed.

glaciale, icy, chilly.

globo, globe, sphere, orb.

gloria, glory.

glorioso, glorious, proud.

goccia, drop.

gocciolone, m., large drop.

godere, to rejoice, be glad.

gola, throat, desire, longing;

come in –, as a pocket.

Golia, Goliath.

gomito, elbow.

gonfio, swollen.

gorgoglio, gurgling.

gotico, gothic.

governare, to govern, direct.

governo, government.

gradatamente, gradually.

gradino, step.

gradire, to accept with pleasure.

grado, degree, rank, grade, state;

a – a –, little by little.

granaio, granary, loft.

grande, great, grand, large, tall.

grandezza, greatness.

grandine, f., hail.

granellino, small grain.

grano, grain, wheat.

grappolo, bunch of grapes.

gratificazione, gratuity.

grave, grave, serious.

gravità, gravity, seriousness.

grazia, grace, satisfaction, pleasure, favor;

pl., thanks.

grazietta, grace, charm.

grazioso, graceful, agreeable.

grembiale, m., apron.

gridare, to cry, shout.

gridio, clamor.

grido (pl. f., grida), cry, shriek.

grigio-topo-rasato, smooth mouse-gray.

grondaja, gutter.

grondare, to drop, drip.

grosso, big, huge, incredible.

grullo, sleepy, drowsy; sleepy-head, dullard.

gua! indeed! well! why!

guadagnare, to gain, earn, reach.

guadagno, gain.

guaio, woe, calamity, misfortune.

guancia, cheek.

guanto, glove.

guardaportone, porter, guard.

guardare, to look at, behold, look, guard.

guardaroba, wardrobe.

guarire, to cure.

guazzabuglio, medley.

guerra, war.

guida, rail.

guidare, to guide, lead.

guizzo, flashing.

gusto, taste, fashion, satisfaction.

Iddio, God.

idea, idea, view.

idiopatico, idiopathic.

ieri, yesterday;

ier l'altro, day before yesterday.

iersera, last night.

ignaro, ignorant, unconscious.

ignorare, not to know.

ignoto, unknown.

ignudo, naked.

ilarità, hilarity, gayety.

illuminare, to illuminate, enlighten.

illuminazione, illumination.

illustrato, illustrated.

illustre, illustrious.

imbalsamato, balmy.

imbandire, to serve up.

imbarcare, to embark, ship.

imbarcazione, boat.

imbecille, imbecile.

imboccare, to enter.

imbroglione, m., meddler.

imitare, to imitate.

immaginare, to imagine, fancy.

immaginario, imaginary.

immaginazione, imagination.

immagine, f., image, figure.

immane, enormous, huge.

immensità, immensity.

immenso, immense, great.

immerso, immersed, plunged.

immobile, still, motionless.

impadronirsi, to take possession (of).

impallidire, to turn pale.

impappinarsi, to get confused, bewildered.

imparare, to learn.

impaurire, to frighten.

impaziente, impatient.

impazienza, impatience.

impazzata; all'–, like mad.

impazzire, to go mad.

impedire, to hinder, prevent.

impennarsi, to rear.

impensierirsi, to become pensive, think seriously.

impensierito, in deep thought, pensive.

impercettibile, imperceptible.

imperioso, imperious.

impermeabile, impervious.

imperversare, to rage.

impeto, fury, violence.

impetuoso, impetuous, violent.

impiantito, inlaying, inlaid floor.

impicciarsi, to meddle.

impiccio, trouble, perplexity.

impiegato, employee.

impiego, office.

impietosito, moved to pity.

imporre, to impose.

importanza, importance.

importare, to be of consequence, signify, amount to.

imprecazione, imprecation, curse.

improvvisato, improvised.

improvviso, unexpected, sudden;

all'–, d'–, unexpectedly.

imputato, the accused, defendant.

in, in, into.

inabissarsi, to plunge down, sink.

inalterabile, unalterable.

inalzare, to raise, lift.

inaridire, to wither, harden.

inaspettato, unexpected.

inasprire, to exasperate, irritate.

inaugurazione, unveiling.

incalzare, to pursue, go on.

incanto, enchantment, magic, charm.

incaricare, to charge, command, burden.

incarico, charge, duty, office.

incentivo, incentive, stimulus.

inceppare, to encumber.

incertezza, uncertainty, suspense.

incespicare, to stumble.

inchiesta, search, inquest.

inchino, bow, salutation.

inchiodato, nailed, fastened.

inciampare, to stumble, trip.

incimurrito, affected with glanders.

inclinazione, inclination.

incognita, unknown quantity.

incollato, glued, matted.

incombenza, commission, charge.

incominciare, to begin, commence.

inconscio, unconscious.

incontrare, to meet.

incontro, against, towards;

—– a, to meet; meeting.

incoraggiare, to encourage.

incorruttibile, incorruptible.

incorruttibilità, incorruptibility.

indi, then.

indiavolato, furious, fearful.

indicare, to indicate.

indicatore, m., time table, guide.

indifferenza, indifference.

indignazione, indignation.

indipendenza, independence.

indirizzare, to address.

indisciplinato, unruly.

indiscrezione, indiscretion.

indispettirsi, to be piqued, provoked.

indisposto, indisposed, ill.

indistintamente, without distinction.

indistinto, indistinct.

indole, f., nature, disposition

indolentemente, listlessly.

indolenzito, benumbed.

indomani, m., next day.

indossare, to put on.

indovinare, to divine, conjecture.

indugio, delay.

industria, industry.

inebetito, dazed.

inedito, inedited, unpublished.

ineguale, unequal, uneven.

inesauribile, inexhaustible.

inesorabile, inexorable.

infanzia, infancy, childhood.

infatti, in fact, indeed.

infelice, unhappy.

infernale, infernal, terrible.

inferno, hell;

d'–, terrible.

infervorarsi, to become animated.

infilare, ——si, to put on, pull on.

infine, finally.

infinitamente, infinitely.

infinito, infinite, endless.

influenza, influence.

informare, to inform, tell, give information.

informazione, information.

informe, shapeless.

infranto, broken.

infuori, out, without;

all'– di, except.

ingannare, to deceive;

——si, to be mistaken.

inganno, deception, mistake.

ingegnarsi, to try, strive.

ingegno, ability, skill, talent, genius.

ingenuità, ingenuousness.

ingenuo, ingenuous, candid.

Inghilterra, England.

inglese, English, Englishman, Englishwoman.

ingoiare, to ingulf.

ingombro, encumbered.

ingrato, ungrateful.

ingrosso, by wholesale.

inimicizia, enmity, hostility.

iniziale, f., initial.

innalzare. See inalzare.

innamorare, to captivate.

innamorato, in love.

innanzi, before.

innegabile, undeniable.

inno, hymn.

innocentemente, innocently.

inoltrare, to forward.

inquantochè, since, as.

inquieto, uneasy, restless.

inquietudine, inquietude, uneasiness.

insanguinato, covered with blood.

insaputa; a sua –, without his knowledge.

insegnamento, instruction, teaching.

insegnante, m., teacher, instructor.

insegnare, to teach.

inserire, to insert.

inserviente, m., assistant, subordinate, employee.

insetto, insect.

insieme (a), in company with; together.

insistente, persistent.

insistenza, insistence.

insistere, to insist, persist.

insolito, unusual.

insomma, in fine, in short.

insonnito, sleepy, drowsy.

insorgere, to arise.

insorto, part. of insorgere.

inspirare, to inspire.

intaglio, cut, carving.

intanto (che), while, in the mean time, however.

intascare, to pocket.

intellettuale, intellectual.

intendere, to understand, intend, hear;

s'intende, of course;

——si di, to understand.

intenerirsi, to be moved, affected.

intenerito, softened, moved, affected.

intenso, intense.

intento, intent, attentive.

intenzione, intention, purpose.

interamente, entirely.

interesse, m., interest.

interlocutore, m., interlocutor.

interno, interior, inside.

intero, entire, complete.

interprete, m., interpreter.

interrogare, to question.

interrogativo, questioning.

interrompere, to interrupt.

interrotto, interrupted, discontinued.

interruppe, pret. of interrompere.

intervenire, to be present.

intervento, intervention, mediation.

intese, pret. of intendere.

inteso, part. of intendere.

intiero. See intero.

intimo, intimate, inmost.

intitolato, entitled.

intollerante, intolerant.

intorno, round about, about;

—– a, concerning, around.

intorpidito, benumbed.

intrattenersi, to while away the time.

intrecciare, to intertwine.

intrecciato, clasped, folded.

intrigante, m. or f., intriguer.

intrinseco, intimate.

intrinsichezza, intimacy, friendship.

intristire, to sadden.

intronare, to stun.

inusitato, unusual.

inutile, useless.

invano, in vain.

invece, instead, on the other hand.

inventare, to invent.

invernetto, winter.

inverno, winter.

invero, in truth.

investire, to fall upon, strike.

invidia, envy.

invidiare, to envy.

invigilare, to watch.

invitare, to invite.

invitato, guest.

invito, invitation.

invocare, to invoke, implore.

inzaccherare, to splash, cover with mud.

inzuppato, drenched, soaked.

ipocondriaco, hypochondriac.

ipoteca, mortgage.

iracondo, angry.

ironia, irony.

ironico, ironical.

irrequieto, restless.

irritare, to irritate.

irritato, irritated.

iscendere. See scendere.

iscritto. See scritto.

iscrizione, inscription.

isguaiato, gushing, insipid.

isolato, isolated.

ispeciale, special.

ispirazione, inspiration.

isquisito. See squisito.

istante, m., instant, moment.

istanza, prayer, entreaty, request.

istinto, instinct, inclination.

istituto, institute, institution.

istituzione, institution.

istoria. See storia.

istrada. See strada.

istupidito, stupefied, amazed.

isvenevole, awkward, stupid.

Italia, Italy.

italiano, Italian.

iterato, repeated.

ivi, there.

là, there;

di –, that way, beyond.

labbra, f. pl., lips.

laborioso, laborious.

lacchè, lackey, footman.

lacero, in rags.

laconico, laconic, concise.

ladro, thief; thievish;

al –! stop thief!

laggiù, down there, yonder.

lagnarsi, to complain.

lago, lake.

lagrima, tear.

lampada, lamp.

lampeggiare, to lighten.

lampo, flash of lightning, appearance, trace.

lana, wool.

lancia, boat.

lanciare, to cast, throw.

languire, to languish, lag.

lanterna, lantern, lighthouse.

Lapponia, Lapland.

largamente, abundantly.

largo, broad, wide, large, extended; breadth, room.

lasciare, to leave, allow, let, give up.

lassù, up there.

lastra, slab, board.

lato, side.

lattaio, milkman.

laurea, degree of doctor.

lavare, to wash.

lavorare, to work.

lavoro, work, labor.

lealmente, loyally, faithfully.

lecito, lawful, permitted.

legale, legal, of law, in law.

legare, to bind.

legge, f., law, rule.

leggere, to read.

leggerezza, lightness, agility.

leggermente, lightly.

leggero, light, slight.

leggiadramente, gracefully.

leggiadro, pretty, graceful.

leggicchiare, to read a little, read badly.

legna, wood, firewood.

legno, wood.

lembo, hem, edge, skirt.

lena, breath, strength.

lento, slow.

lenzuolo, sheet.

leone, m., lion.

lesse, pret. of leggere.

lesto, nimble, quick.

lettera, letter;

belle lettere, belles-lettres.

letteratura, literature.

letto, bed.

lettore, m., reader.

lettura, lecture, reading.

levare, to lift, raise, take off.

lezione, lesson.

lì, there, thither;

—– per –, here and there.

liberare, to free.

liberatrice, f., deliverer.

liberazione, liberation.

libero, free, clear, fresh.

libertà, liberty.

libro, book.

licenza, permission.

lietamente, joyously, gladly.

lieto, merry, joyful, glad, gay.

lieve, light.

ligure, Ligurian, Genoese.

limitare, to limit.

linea, line.

lingua, tongue, language.

linguaggio, language.

lira, silver coin worth 20 soldi; lyre.

liscio, polished, smooth.

livore, m., hatred, spite.

Livorno, Leghorn.

livrea, livery.

lodarsi, to be well satisfied.

lodevolmente, commendably, laudably.

Lombardia, Lombardy.

lombardo, Lombard, of Lombardy.

longitudinalmente, lengthwise.

lontano, distant, far off, away;

da –, at a distance.

lotta, struggle.

lotto, game of chance, lottery.

luccicare, to shine, glisten.

luce, f., light.

lucertola, lizard.

lucido, bright, shining.

lugubre, mournful, sad, lugubrious.

lugubremente, lugubriously.

lume, m., light.

luminoso, luminous, shining.

luna, moon.

lungamente, at length, a long while.

lungo, long, along;

a –, at length.

luogo, place.

lusinghiero, flattering.

lusso, luxury, pomp.

lustrare, to polish, shine.

ma, but, why.

macchina, machine, engine.

macchinalmente, mechanically.

macchinista, m., engineer.

madamigella, Miss.

madre, mother.

maestà, majesty.

maestro, teacher, instructor.

magazzino, warehouse, store.

maggioranza, majority.

maggiore, elder, eldest, greater.

maggiorente, chief man.

maggiormente, more, much more.

magistrato, magistrate, judge.

magistratura, magistracy, body of judges.

magnanimità, magnanimity.

magnifico, magnificent, grand.

mai, ever, never.

malanno, misfortune, calamity.

malaticcio, sickly.

malato, diseased, sick, ill; sick man.

malattia, malady, disease.

malaugurato, unlucky, unfortunate.

malcapitato, unhappy, unlucky.

malconcio, in a bad condition.

male (mal), badly, poorly, wrongly; evil, ill, harm, malady.

maledetto, cursed, hateful.

maledizione, malediction, curse.

malessere, m., uncomfortableness.

malgrado, in spite of.

maligno, malicious, mischievous.

malinconia, melancholy, sadness.

malinconico, melancholy.

malincuore; a –, against one's will.

malo, bad, unfair.

malumore, m., bad humor.

manata, handful.

mancare, to want, lack, fail.

mancia, gratuity, fee, tip.

mandare, to send, order, throw, emit, heave.

mangiare, to eat.

manica, sleeve.

Manica, English Channel.

manichino, ruffle.

manicomio, lunatic asylum.

manicotto, muff.

maniera, manner, way, rate.

manifestare, to declare.

manifestazione, manifestation.

mano, f., hand.

manoscritto, manuscript; in writing.

manovra, manœuvre.

mantello, mantle, cloak.

mantenere, to keep, maintain.

mantice, m., top (of carriage).

manto, mantle, veil.

maraviglia, wonder, marvel, amazement.

marcare, to mark.

marchesa, marchioness.

marchese, marquis.

marchesina, young marchioness.

marchesino, young marquis.

marcia, march.

marciapiede, m., platform, walk.

mare, m., sea.

margine, m., margin, edge.

marinaio, sailor.

maritare, to marry, give in marriage;

——si, to get married.

marito, husband.

marittimo, maritime.

Marta, Martha.

mascherare, to mask, disguise.

maschio, male.

massa, mass;

in –, in a body.

massiccio, massive, solid.

massimo, greatest.

matematica, mathematics.

materassa, mattress.

materia, matter, subject.

materno, maternal.

matrigna, stepmother.

matrimonio, marriage, matrimony.

mattina, morning.

mattinata, morning, forenoon.

mattiniero, early.

matto, mad, insane.

maturo, ripe, mature, advanced.

medaglia, medal.

medesimo, same.

medico, physician, doctor.

meditare, to consider.

meditazione, meditation.

meglio, better, best; best part;

alla –, as well as one can.

membro (pl. f., membra), member, limb.

memore, mindful.

memoria, memory;

a –, by heart.

menare, to lead, guide, take;

—– vita, to live.

meno, less, least, except;

non di –, nevertheless.

mensa, table.

mente, f., mind.

mento, chin.

mentre, while.

meraviglia. See maraviglia.

meravigliarsi, to be astonished.

meraviglioso, marvellous.

mercante, m., merchant.

mercantile, merchant.

mercatino, huckster.

merenda, collation, repast.

meridionale, southern.

meritare, to merit, deserve.

merito, merit, reward.

mescere, to mingle.

meschino, miserable, poor.

meschinuccio, trifling.

mescolarsi, to intermeddle, interfere.

mescolato, mixed, mingled.

mese, m., month.

messa, part. of mettere; mass.

messe, pret. of mettere.

messo, part. of mettere.

mestiere, m., trade, business.

meta, goal.

metà, half;

a –, half-way.

metro, metre.

mettere, to put, put on, place, set, utter;

—– si a, to begin to.

mezzanotte, f., midnight.

mezzo, half, middle, midst, means;

in – a, in the centre of.

miagolio, mewing.

mica, at all.

microscopio, microscope.

mietitore, m., reaper.

migliaia, thousands.

miglio (pl. f., miglia), mile.

migliorare, to improve.

migliore, better, best.

Milano, Milan.

militare, military.

milizia, war, militia, army.

mille, thousand, great number.

minaccia, menace, threat.

minacciare, to threaten, forebode.

minacciato, threatened.

minchione, m., blockhead, fool.

minimo, least, smallest, very small.

ministero, ministry, administration, office.

ministro, minister.

minore, younger, youngest.

minuto, minute.

miracolo, miracle.

mirare, to behold, look at.

misantropo, misanthropist.

mise, pret. of mettere.

misericordia, mercy.

misero, miserable, wretched.

mistero, mystery, secret.

misto, mixed.

misura, measure.

misurare, to measure.

mobile, m., piece of furniture.

mobilia, furniture.

moda, fashion, style.

modestia, modesty.

modista, milliner.

modo, mode, manner, way, fashion;

a ogni –, at any rate, however.

mogio, dull, stupid.

moglie, wife.

molestare, to disturb, annoy.

molla, spring, catch.

mollusco, mollusk.

molto, much, many, very.

mondo, world.

monello, boy, urchin, rogue.

moneta, money, coin, change;

—– contante, ready money, cash.

montagna, mountain.

montano, mountain.

montare, to mount, get up, get into.

monte, m., mountain, mass, great number.

moribondo, dying.

morire, to die.

mortale, mortal, deadly.

mortaretto, firecracker.

morte, f., death.

morto, dead; dead body;

part. of morire.

mosca, fly.

mosse, pret. of muovere.

mostrare, to show, expose to view.

motivo, motive, cause, reason.

motteggio, jest, badinage.

movere. See muovere.

movimento, movement.

mucchio, heap, pile.

muggire, to roar.

mugnajo, miller.

mulino, mill.

municipio, municipality.

muovere, to move;

——si, to stir, start.

muro, wall.

musica, music, band.

mutare, to change.

muto, silent, speechless.

Napoli, Naples.

narrazione, narration, recital.

nascente, growing, developing.

nascere, to be born, appear, arise.

nascondere, to hide, conceal.

nascose, pret. of nascondere.

nascosto, part. of nascondere.

naso, nose.

nativo, native.

nato, born.

natura, nature.

naturalezza, naturalness, ease.

naturalista, m., naturalist.

naturalmente, naturally.

naufragio, shipwreck.

naufrago, shipwrecked person.

nave, f., ship.

nazionale, national.

ne, of it, of them, any, some; to us, us.

nè, neither, nor.

neanche, neither, not even.

nebbia, fog, mist.

necessario, necessary.

necessità, necessity.

necrologia, obituary.

negare, to deny.

negoziante, m., merchant.

neh, eh! what?

nemico, enemy; hostile.

nemmeno, even, not even.

nenia, dirge, mournful ditty.

neo, patch for the face, beauty-spot.

neppure, not even, neither, nor.

nerboruto, sinewy, muscular.

nero, black, dark.

nervo, nerve.

nervoso, nervous.

nessuno, nobody, no, none.

netto, clear.

neurosi, f., neurosis.

nicchiare, to hide, settle.

nido, nest, dwelling-place.

niente, nothing.

nipote, nephew, niece.

nobile, noble.

nobiltà, nobility, aristocracy.

nocca, knuckle.

nocciolo, stone (of a fruit).

nodo, knot.

noia, trouble, vexation.

noioso, tedious, wearisome.

nome, m., name.

non, not.

nondimeno, nevertheless.

nord, m., north.

norma, rule, pattern, safeguard.

nota, note, remark, accent, mark.

notaio, notary.

notare, to note, remark, notice.

notevole, notable.

notizia, news.

noto, known.

notte, f., night.

notturno, nocturne.

novella, news.

novelliere, m., story-writer.

novello, new, recent.

novizio, inexperienced.

nozze, f. pl., wedding, marriage.

nube, f., cloud.

nubile, marriageable.

nudo, bare, uncovered.

nulla, m., nothing, anything; none, not at all.

numero, number.

numeroso, numerous.

nuora, daughter-in-law.

nuotare, to swim.

nuotata, stroke.

nuotatore, m., swimmer.

nuoto, swimming.

nuovamente, again.

nuove, f. pl., news.

nuovo, new, fresh, following;

di –, again.

nutrito, sustained, maintained.

nuvol -o, -a, cloud.

nuvoloso, cloudy.

o, either, or; oh!

obbedire, to obey.

obbligare, to oblige.

obbligo, obligation, duty.

oca, goose.

occhiata, glance, look.

occhiatina, slight glance.

occhio, eye.

occidente, m., west.

occorrente, requisite, needful.

occorrere, to be necessary, needed.

occupare, to occupy.

occupazione, occupation.

odiare, to hate.

odio, hatred.

offeso, offended.

officiosamente, courteously.

offrire, to offer.

offuscare, to cloud, dim.

oggi, to-day.

ogni, every, each, all;

—– tanto, every now and then.

ognuno, everybody, every one.

ohibò! no matter! never mind!

Olandese, Dutch woman.

olio, oil.

oltre, more than.

oltrepassare, to pass beyond.

omaccione, big, heavy man.

omaggio, homage, respect.

ombra, shadow, shade.

ombrellino, parasol.

ombrello, umbrella.

ombrellone, m., large umbrella.

onda, wave.

ondata, surge, wave.

onde, whence, wherefore, therefore.

onestà, honesty, honor.

onestamente, honestly, respectably.

onesto, honest, chaste, just.

onorato, honored.

onore, m., honor.

onorificenza, honor.

opaco, opaque, obscure.

operatore, m., operator, surgeon.

operoso, active, diligent.

opporre, to oppose;

——si, to offer resistance.

opportuno, expedient.

oppose, pret. of opporre.

opposizione, opposition.

opposto, opposite.

oppressione, f., oppression, stifling, difficulty.

ora (or), now; hour.

orciuolo, pitcher, jug, jar.

orco, ogre.

ordinare, to order, command.

ordinariamente, usually.

ordinario, ordinary, usual.

ordine, m., order.

orecchi -o, -a, ear.

orgoglioso, proud, haughty.

origine, f., origin, source.

oriundo, native, original;

—– francese, of French extraction.

orizzonte, m., horizon.

ormai, now, henceforward.

ornare, to adorn.

ornato, ornament; ornate.

oro, gold.

orribile, horrible, fearful.

orrore, m., horror.

orsù! come now! come on!

ortica, nettle, malicious person.

orto, garden, kitchen-garden.

osare, to dare.

oscillare, to oscillate, tremble.

ospedale, m., hospital, asylum.

ospitalità, hospitality.

ospizio, asylum.

osservare, to observe.

osservazione, observation.

ostacolo, obstacle.

osteggiare, to attack.

ostinarsi, to be obstinate, persist.

ostinatello, rather obstinate, stubborn.

ostrica, oyster.

ottenere, to obtain, succeed.

ottimo, excellent.

otto, eight.

ottobre, m., October.

ove, where.

ovo (pl. f., ova), egg.

pace, f., peace.

Padova, Padua.

padovano, Paduan, of Padua (near Venice).

padre, father.

padrona, mistress, lady;

—– di casa, landlady.

padrone, master, proprietor.

paesano, country.

paese, m., country, region, place.

paesello, village.

pagare, to pay.

pagina, page.

paglia, straw.

pajo, pair, couple.

paiono, pres. of parere.

palazzo, palace.

palco, box in a theatre.

palla, musket-ball, bullet.

pallido, pallid, pale, wan.

pallottola, small hard ball.

palo, pole.

palpebra, eyelid.

palpitare, to palpitate, tremble.

palpito, palpitation.

panca, bench, seat.

pandette, f. pl., pandects.

pane, m., bread.

panierino, small basket.

panno, cloth;

pl., clothes.

pannolino, linen handkerchief.

par, pres. of parere.

parco, park.

parecchi, m. pl., several.

parentela, relationship.

parenti, m. pl., relatives.

parere, to seem, appear;

n. m., opinion.

parete, f., wall.

pari, equal, like, same;

al – di, as also (was), like;

di – a –, as an equal.

parigino, Parisian.

parimente, likewise, equally.

parlamento, parliament, congress.

parlare, to speak, talk;

n. m., speech, language.

parlatore, m., speaker, orator.

parola, word, sentence, speech, permission to speak.

parroco, parson, rector.

parrucca, wig.

parso, part. of parere.

parte, f., part, side, hand;

da – sua, from him, in his name;

da – mia, for my part;

da quella –, in that direction;

far – a, to share with.

partenza, departure.

particolare, m., particular, detail;

adj., particular, peculiar.

partire, to set out, depart, leave, start.

partito, match, course, resolve.

parve, pret. of parere.

passaggio, passage.

passare, to pass, go by.

passatempo, pastime, diversion.

passato, past.

passeggero. See passeggiero.

passeggiare, to walk, drive.

passeggiata, walk, drive.

passeggiero, passenger.

passeggio, walk.

passerotto, young sparrow.

passivo, passive, unresisting.

passo, pace, step.

pasta, paste, dough, material.

pastoia, fetter, impediment.

paterno, paternal.

patetico, pathetic.

patibolo, gibbet, gallows.

patire, to suffer, endure.

patria, country, native land.

patriotta, m., patriot.

patto, bargain, condition.

paura, fear;

aver –, to be afraid.

pauroso, timid, mistrustful, fearful.

pavimento, pavement, floor.

paziente, m., patient.

pazienza, patience.

pazzia, folly, extravagance, insanity, madness.

pazzo, mad, fond, crazy; madman.

peccato, sin, fault, pity;

che –! what a pity!

pece, f., pitch, tar.

pecora, sheep.

pedata, footstep.

peggio, worse, worst.

pelame, m., hair, color of hair.

pelle, f., skin.

pena, trouble, while.

penetrare, to penetrate.

penitenza, penance.

penna, feather, quill, pen.

pennone, m., yard (of a ship).

penoso, painful, hard.

pensare (a), to think (of).

pensiero, thought;

sopra –, absorbed in thought.

pensione, f., pension, salary, wages.

pentola, earthen pot, jar, crock.

penzoloni, hanging, dangling.

per, for, by, through, as, in order to.

perchè, because, that, in order that, why?

perciò, therefore.

percorrere, to run over, through.

percorso, part. of percorrere.

percossa, blow.

perdere, to lose.

perdonare, to pardon.

perdono, pardon.

perenne, perennial.

perfettamente, perfectly.

perfetto, perfect.

pericolo, danger, risk.

pericoloso, dangerous.

periodico, periodical.

perire, to perish.

perla, pearl, treasure.

permettere, to permit.

permise, pret. of permettere.

pernice, f., partridge.

però, therefore, however, nevertheless.

perorazione, peroration.

perpetuo, perpetual.

perplesso, perplexed.

persecuzione, persecution.

perso, part. of perdere.

persona, person, body.

perspicace, observant.

persuadere, to persuade.

persuaso, persuaded, convinced.

pervenire, to attain, reach.

pesante, heavy.

pesca, peach.

peso, weight, burden.

pettinare, to comb, dress the hair.

pettinatora, hairdresser.

pettinatura, headdress, coiffure.

petto, breast.

pezzente, m., beggar.

pezzo, piece, model, type.

piacere, to please;

n. m., pleasure, favor.

piacevolmente, pleasantly.

piacque, pret. of piacere.

pianerottolo, landing.

piangere, to weep;

—– addosso, to fit very badly (of clothes).

piano, floor, story, plan, project; in a low tone.

pianto, tears, crying;

part. of piangere.

pianura, plain.

piattino, plate.

piazza, square.

piccato, piqued, irritated.

picchiare, to beat, rap, tap.

piccino, very little, little.

picco; a –, to the bottom.

piccolo, small, little.

piede, m., foot.

piedino, tiny foot.

piegare, to bend, lurch.

piego, package, bundle.

pieno, full.

pietà, pity.

pietoso, pitiful, compassionate.

pietra, stone.

pietrone, m., big stone.

pigiato, trampled upon.

pigliare, to take, catch, seize.

piglio, face, look.

pioggia, rain.

pioppo, poplar-tree.

piovere, to rain, fall.

piroscafo, steamboat, steamer.

pistola, pistol.

pittoresco, picturesque.

più, more, most, many, several;

di –, per di –, furthermore;

non… più, no more, no longer.

piuma, plume, feather.

piuttosto, rather.

pizzicare, to pick, play upon.

pizzicotto, little pinch.

plaudente, applauding.

po'. See poco.

pochino, little, very little, few.

poco, little, few;

a – a –, little by little.

poderetto, small farm, estate.

poderoso, powerful.

poetico, poetic.

poetunculo, poetaster.

poggio, hill, bluff.

poi, then, afterwards.

poichè, since, as, after.

politica, politics, policy.

politico, political.

polmone, m., lungs, lung.

polpetta, ball of minced meat.

poltrona, armchair.

poltroncina, easy chair.

polvere, f., dust, powder.

pomo, apple.

ponte, m., bridge, deck.

ponte-levatojo, drawbridge.

popolo, people.

poppa, stern.

porpora, purple.

porre, to place, put;

——si, to sit down.

porta, gate, door.

portare, to carry, bear, bring.

portavoce, f., speaking-trumpet.

porto, port, harbor.

portone, m., coach-gate, porte cochère.

posa, rest, quiet, pause.

posare, to place, put, set.

posato, sober, sedate.

pose, pret. of porre.

positivamente, positively.

posizione, position.

possedere, to possess.

posso, pres. of potere.

posticcio, false, artificial.

posto, place, position, room, seat;

part. of porre.

potere, to be able;

n. m., power.

pouff, m., ottoman.

poveretta! poor woman!

poverino, poor little fellow.

povero, poor.

pozza, pool, puddle.

pozzo, well.

pranzare, to dine.

pranzo, dinner.

prateria, meadow.

pratica, practice.

praticare, to practice, make.

pratico, practical, experienced.

prato, meadow, field.

precauzione, precaution.

precipitare, to precipitate, fall headlong;

——si, to rush.

precipitoso, precipitate.

precisamente, precisely.

preciso, precise, exact.

precoce, precocious, early.

preda, prey, booty.

predicare, to preach.

predicatore, preacher, minister.

predilezione, preference.

preferenza, preference.

preferire, to prefer.

prefetto, prefect.

prefiggere, to fix, determine.

pregare, to pray, beg, entreat.

preghiera, prayer, entreaty.

pregiato, esteemed.

pregio, value, worth.

pregiudizio, prejudice.

premere, to press, concern.

prendere, to take, seize, catch;

—– a, to begin to.

preparare, to prepare.

preparativo, preparation.

preposto, overseer.

presa, pinch.

presentare, to present.

presente, m., present, gift.

prese (ro), pret. of prendere.

preside, m., president.

presidente, m., president, presiding judge, chief justice.

presidenza, executive council.

preso, part. of prendere.

presso, near, with.

prestare, to lend.

presto, quick, quickly, soon.

pretendere, to pretend, intend.

preteso, claimed;

part. of pretendere.

pretesto, pretext.

pretore, m., justice of the peace.

prevalere, to prevail.

prevalse, pret. of prevalere.

prevenire, to anticipate, prevent.

prezioso, precious.

prigione, prison.

prigioniero, prisoner.

prima, before, first;

di –, former, original;

—– che, —– di, before;

da –, sulle prime, at first.

primeggiare, to be prominent.

primo, first, early.

principale, m., main feature.

principe, prince.

principessa, princess.

principio, beginning.

privato, private.

privazione, privation.

privo, without, deprived of.

pro, advantage, profit.

probabilmente, probably.

probità, probity, integrity.

procedere, to proceed, advance.

procurare, to procure.

procuratore, m., attorney.

prodigare, to lavish.

prodotto, part. of produrre; product.

produrre, to produce.

profanare, to profane, violate.

proferire, to utter, pronounce.

profilo, profile.

profitto, profit.

profondamente, deeply, loudly.

profondersi, to be profuse.

profondo, profound, deep.

profumato, perfumed, sweet-scented.

profumo, perfume.

progetto, project, plan.

progresso, progress, advancement.

proiettare, to project, cast.

prolungare, to prolong.

promessa, promise.

promesso, part. of promettere.

promettere, to promise.

promise, pret. of promettere.

pronostico, prediction.

prontezza, promptness.

pronto, prompt, quick.

pronunziare, to pronounce.

propagare, to propagate.

proporre, to propose;

——si, to resolve.

propose, pret. of proporre.

proposito, intention, purpose, resolution, discourse, subject;

a –, apropos.

proposta, proposal, offer.

proprietà, property, possession.

proprietario, proprietor, owner.

proprio, proper, own, exactly, just, really, very.

prora, prow.

prorompere, to break forth.

proruppe, pret. of prorompere.

prosa, prose.

proseguire, to continue.

prosopopea, prosopopœia, arrogance, ostentation.

prosperare, to prosper.

prossimo, next, coming, near.

proteggere, to protect, shelter.

protezione, protection.

prova, proof, trial, test.

provare, to try, try on, experience, prove.

proveniente, proceeding, coming.

proverbio, proverb.

provincia, province.

provvidenza, providence.

provvisione, f., provision.

provvista, provision.

prudenza, prudence.

pubblicamente, in a public way.

pubblicità, publicity.

pubblico, public.

pugno, fist, blow, hand.

pulito, clean, neat, tidy.

punta, point, sharp end.

puntare, to point.

punto, point, instant; at all;

—– interrogativo, interrogation point.

può, pres. of potere.

pupilla, pupil of the eye, eye.

pure, yet, also, even, only, however.

puro, pure.

purtroppo, too much so, too true.

qua, here;

di –, this way.

quaderno, copy-book, note-book.

quadro, picture, painting.

qualche, some, any.

qualcheduno, somebody, some one.

qualcuno, some, some one.

quale (qual), which, what, such as, as, like, some.

qualità, quality.

qualora, when, whenever.

qualunque, whatever, any.

quando, when.

quantità, quantity, number.

quanto, how much, how many, how long, as much, as many, as, like;

—– a, in – a, as for;

per –, however;

tutti quanti, every one.

quantunque, although.

quaranta, forty.

quarantadue, forty-two.

quarantotto, forty-eight.

quartiere, m., quarters, apartment.

quarto, quarter, piece, degree, fourth.

quasi, almost, nearly, as if.

quattordici, fourteen.

quattro, four.

quegli, that man, he.

quello, that, that one.

questi, this one, this man.

questo, this, this one.

questore, m., chief of police.

queto, quiet, still.

qui, here.

quiete, f., repose, rest, quiet.

quindi, then, thence.

quindici, fifteen.

rabbiosamente, furiously.

rabbioso, mad, furious, raging.

rabesco, arabesque.

raccapezzare, to find out again.

raccattare, to pick up.

raccogliere, to gather, pick up, collect, assemble, bring together.

raccoglimento, concentration.

raccolse, pret. of raccogliere.

raccolta, crop, harvest, gathering, collection.

raccolto, part. of raccogliere.

raccomandare, to recommend, commit, entrust;

——si, to beg, entreat.

raccomandazione, recommendation.

racconsolato, comforted, consoled.

raccontare, to relate.

racconto, account, story.

raddirizzare, to set right, correct.

raddoppiare, to redouble, increase.

rado, rare, infrequent;

di –, rarely, seldom.

raffica, gust of wind.

raffreddamento, cooling, coolness.

ragazza, girl.

ragazzaglia, band of rude boys.

ragazzino, little boy.

ragazzo, boy;

pl., children.

raggio, ray, beam.

raggiungere, to overtake, rejoin, reach.

raggiunse, pret. of raggiungere.

ragionare, to discourse, reason.

ragione, reason, right, justice;

aver –, to be right.

ragionevole, reasonable.

ragnatela, cobweb.

rallegrare, to rejoice, divert, cheer;

——si, to rejoice;

——si con, to congratulate.

rame, m., copper, brass.

rammaricarsi, to lament, complain.

rammarico, complaint, grief, regret, sadness.

rammentare, to recall;

——si (di), to remember.

ramo, branch.

rancore, m., rancor, spite, grudge.

rannicchiato, crouched, crouching.

rapidamente, rapidly.

rapidità, rapidity, swiftness.

rapire, to snatch, wrest.

raro, rare; seldom;

di –, seldom.

rasciugare, to wipe off.

rasente, close to, grazing.

rassegnare, to resign.

rasserenato, cheered, soothed.

rassomigliare, to resemble.

rattenere, to retain, keep back.

ravvolgersi, to rove, wander.

ravvolto, wrapped, folded.

re, king.

realità, reality.

realmente, really, truly.

realtà, reality.

reboante, resounding.

recare, to bring, carry;

——si, to come.

recentemente, recently.

reciproco, reciprocal, mutual.

recisamente, curtly, promptly.

reciso, cut.

redine, f., rein.

regalare, to present.

regalo, present, gift.

reggere (a), to suffer, bear.

regime, m., regimen, diet.

regina, queen.

registrazione, registration.

regola, rule.

regolare, regular.

regolarità, regularity.

relazione, relation.

religioso, religious.

reminiscenza, reminiscence.

remo, oar.

rendere, to render, give.

rendita, revenue, income.

repentino, sudden, unexpected.

replicare, to reply, answer.

replicato, repeated.

reputare, to esteem, count.

reseda, mignonette.

resistenza, resistance.

resistere, to resist.

reso, part. of rendere.

respingere, to drive back.

respirare, to breathe.

respiro, breathing, breath.

ressa, crowd, press;

far –, to crowd.

restare, to remain.

restituire, to restore, return.

resto, rest, remainder;

del –, besides, after all.

retaggio, inheritance.

retrocedere, to go back, back up.

retta, stand, resistance, support;

dar –, to listen, give heed.

rettitudine, rectitude, uprightness.

retto, right, upright.

rialzarsi, to get up again.

riapertura, reopening.

riaprire, to open again.

riassumersi, to be summed up.

riaversi, to recover one's strength, regain consciousness.

ribelle, rebellious.

ricambiare, to repay, return.

ricambio, interchange.

ricchezza, riches, wealth.

ricciolino, ringlet, curl.

ricciolo, curl, ringlet, lock.

ricciuto, curly.

ricco, rich.

ricerca, research, inquiry, search.

ricevere, to receive.

richiamare, to recall.

ricominciare, to begin anew.

ricomparire, to reappear.

ricomporre, to compose again.

riconducere, to conduct back.

riconobbero, pret. of riconoscere.

riconoscere, to recognize.

ricordare, to recall, bring to mind;

——si (di), to remember.

ricordo, remembrance.

ricorrente, recurrent.

ricorrere, to run over, reflect upon, have recourse to.

ricoverarsi, to take refuge.

ricusare, to refuse.

ridere, to laugh.

ridicolo, ridiculous.

ridire, to repeat, censure;

trovar a –, to find fault.

ridiventare, to become again.

ridotto, reduced, broken.

riducere, to reduce.

riebbe, pret. of riavere.

rientrare, to re-enter, go back.

riescire. See riuscire.

rifare, to clean, take care of.

rifinire, to stop, cease.

rifiutare, to refuse.

rifiuto, refusal.

riforma, reform.

riga, line, row.

rigagnolo, streamlet, stream.

rigare, to irrigate, water, streak.

rigirare, to turn round, about.

rigovernare, to wash, scour.

riguadagnare, to make up.

riguardo, regard, respect.

rileggere, to read over.

rilievo, relief, importance, form.

rima, rhyme.

rimandare, to send back.

rimanere, to remain, be left, be.

rimase (ro), pret. of rimanere.

rimasto, part. of rimanere.

rimbombo, noise, resounding.

rimedio, remedy.

rimembranza, remembrance.

rimescolare, to mix, perturb.

rimesso, assured, composed.

rimettere, to place, put again, defer;

——si, to return, come to.

rimirare, to look at intently.

rimorso, remorse.

rincantucciarsi, to retire, hide one's self in a corner.

rincarare, to grow dearer.

rinchiuso, shut up.

rinfresco, collation, supper, refreshments.

rinfusa; alla –, in confusion.

ringraziamento, thanks.

ringraziare, to thank.

rinnovare, to renew.

rinunziare, to renounce.

riottoso, riotous.

riparare, to protect, shelter, take shelter;

——si, to take shelter.

riparlare, to speak again.

riparo, shelter.

ripetere, to repeat.

ripetutamente, repeatedly.

ripigliare, to take back, answer, take again, resume.

riporre, to put back, put in.

riportare, to carry back.

riposare, to repose, rest.

riposo, repose, rest.

ripregare, to entreat again.

riprendere, to retake, take back, take up, resume, reply.

riprese, pret. of riprendere.

ripresentare, to present again.

ripreso, part. of riprendere.

riproduzione, reproduction.

risa, laughter.

risalire, to go up again.

risata, laugh, laughter.

rischiarare, to light up.

rischiare, to risk.

risciaquata, scolding, reprimand.

riscosse, pret. of riscuotere.

riscuotersi, to start, shudder.

rise, pret. of ridere.

risentire, to hear again.

risentito, quick, sharp, severe.

riserbare, to reserve.

riso, laugh, laughter.

risoluto, resolute.

risoluzione, resolution.

risolversi, to resolve.

risparmiato, saved, spared.

risparmio, savings, earnings.

rispettabile, respectable.

rispetto, respect, deference.

rispettoso, respectful.

rispondere, to respond, reply, answer, correspond.

rispose (ro), pret. of rispondere.

risposta, reply, answer.

ristucco, surfeited, wearied.

risultare, to result, follow.

risultato, result.

risvegliare, to awake, rouse.

ritardare, to delay.

ritardo, delay;

in –, late.

ritelegrafare, to telegraph back.

ritemperare, to calm.

ritenere, to retain, remember, detain.

ritirarsi, to retire, withdraw.

ritornare, to return.

ritratto, picture, portrait.

ritrovare, to find again, find.

ritrovo, assembly, resort.

riunirsi, to reunite, close together.

riuscire, to succeed, turn out, become.

riva, bank, shore.

rivedere, to see again, meet again.

rivelare, to reveal.

rivelazione, revelation.

riverenza, bow, courtesy.

rivestire, to dress again.

rivide, pret. of rivedere.

rivolgersi, to turn.

rivolse, pret. of rivolgere.

rivolto, turned.

roba, stuff, things, business.

Roma, Rome.

romanza, ballad, air.

romanzo, romance.

rombare, to rumble, roll.

rompere, to break.

ronzio, buzzing, humming.

rosaio, rose-bush.

rosso, red;

divenir –, to blush.

rotaia, track, rail.

rotondo, round; round hand.

rotto, part. of rompere.

rovesciare, to spill, rain down, overturn.

rovescio, wrong side, reverse, heavy shower.

rovo, brier, bramble.

rozzo, rough, uncouth, unpolished.

ruga, wrinkle.

rullio, rolling and pitching.

rumore, m., noise, rumbling.

rumoreggiare, to rumble.

ruppe, pret. of rompere.

russare, to snore.

sa, pres. of sapere.

sabbia, sand.

sacco, sack, bag.

sacrificare, to sacrifice.

sacrificio, sacrifice.

saetta, arrow, thunderbolt.

saggio, specimen, sample.

sagrificare. See sacrificare.

sala, hall, saloon, large room.

salasso, bleeding.

saldo, solid, firm.

salire, to ascend, go up, mount, get into.

salottino, little sitting-room.

salotto, parlor, sitting-room.

saltare, to leap, jump, seize, take.

saltellare, to skip, hop.

saltimbanco, mountebank.

salto, jump, skip, bound.

salumaio, seller of salted provisions.

salutare, to salute, greet, bow to.

salute, f., health.

saluto, salute, salutation.

salvare, to save.

salvatore, m., preserver.

salvezza, safety.

salvo, safety.

sangue, m., blood;

—– freddo, coolness, sang-froid.

sanguigno, red, red as blood.

sanguinoso, bloody.

sanno, pres. of sapere.

sano, sound, wholesome.

santo, saint; holy, blessed.

sapere, to know, discover, be able.

sapone, m., soap.

saporoso, savory.

sarebbe (ro), cond. of essere.

saresti, cond. of essere.

sarete, fut. of essere.

sarò, fut. of essere.

savio, wise, discreet, prudent.

sbagliarsi, to make a mistake.

sbaglio, mistake, oversight.

sbalordito, amazed, confounded.

sbarcare, to disembark, land.

sbarrare, to unbar, open wide.

sbattere, to beat.

sbigottito, frightened.

sboccare, to rush out.

sboccato, uncivil, indecent.

sbraitare, to make a great outcry.

sbuffare, to snort, puff.

scacchi, m. pl., chess.

scacciare, to expel, turn out.

scaffale, m., bookcase, shelf.

scafo, hull of a ship.

scala, staircase, stairs, step.

scaldare, to inflame, heat.

scaletta, narrow staircase.

scalmanato, breathless, out of breath.

scalpitio, trampling, stamping.

scambiare, to exchange;

——si (con), to pass.

scambio, exchange;

di –, side.

scancellare, to cancel, erase.

scandalizzato, scandalized.

scandaluccio, gossip, scandal.

scansare, to avoid.

scanso, act of avoiding;

a – di, so as to avoid.

scapatella, thoughtless young person.

scapigliato, dishevelled.

scappare, to flee, run away, run out, escape.

scappellotto, blow, thump on the head.

scarlatto, scarlet.

scarpa, shoe, slipper.

scarpina, slipper.

scegliere, to choose, select.

scelse, pret. of scegliere.

scelta, choice.

scelto, part. of scegliere.

scena, scene.

scendere, to descend, alight, come down, go down.

scese, pret. of scendere.

sceso, part. of scendere.

scevro, exempt, free.

scherzevole, facetious.

schiacciare, to crush.

schiamazzo, noise, clatter.

schiantare, to break, rend.

schianto, crash, rending.

schiavo, captive, enslaved.

schiena, back.

schietto, pure, unmixed, polished, smooth, sincere.

sciabola, sabre.

sciallo, shawl.

scienza, science, learning.

scienziato, savant, scholar.

scilinguagnolo, string of the tongue.

scintillare, to sparkle, shine.

sciocchezza, folly, imprudence.

sciogliere, to untie, loose.

sciolse, pret. of sciogliere.

scioperato, idle.

sclamare, to exclaim.

scoccare, m., striking, stroke.

scocco, stroke, striking.

scoglio, rock.

scolara, pupil.

scolar -e, -o, pupil, schoolboy.

scolaresca, schoolboys, pupils.

scolastico, scholastic.

scolorito, colorless.

scolpito, cut, carved.

scombussolato, in confusion, in a tumult.

scommettere, to bet, wager.

scomodare, to inconvenience.

scomparire, to disappear.

scomparso, part. of scomparire.

sconosciuto, unknown; stranger.

scontrarsi, to collide, meet.

scontro, collision.

sconvenienza, impropriety.

scoperta, discovery.

scoperto, uncovered, exposed.

scopo, object, end, aim, scope.

scoppio, explosion, burst.

scoraggito, discouraged.

scorgere, to perceive, see.

scorrazzare, to ramble, roam.

scorse, pret. of scorgere.

scorso, passed by, over.

scorta, escort.

scortecciare, to strip off the bark.

scosse, pret. of scuotere.

scotere. See scuotere.

scricchiolio, creaking.

scrisse, pret. of scrivere.

scritto, written; writing.

scrittura, writing.

scrivere, to write.

scrollare, to shake, shrug.

scroscio, loud burst, crash.

scrupolo, scruple.

scultura, sculpture.

scuola, school, class-room.

scuotere, to shake.

scusare, to excuse.

sdegno, disdain, anger, rage.

sdraiare, to stretch out;

——si, to lie down at full length.

sdrucciolare, to slip, glide.

se, if, what if, suppose;

—– non, except.

sebbene, although.

seccatore, m., bore, nuisance.

seccatura, annoyance.

secco, dry, withered, faded, sharp, quick.

secolo, century, age.

secondare, to second, aid, favor.

secondo, according to; second.

sedere, to sit down, be seated;

——si, to sit down.

sedia, chair.

sedici, sixteen.

sedile, m., seat, bench.

seduto, seated, sitting.

segare, to mow, cut, reap.

segatore, m., mower.

seggiola, chair.

seggiolone, m., large chair, armchair.

segnale, m., signal.

segnare, to mark, draw.

segno, sign, signal, mark.

segretamente, secretly.

segretario, secretary.

segretezza, secrecy.

segreto, secret, hidden; secrecy, privacy.

seguente, following.

seguire, to follow, continue.

seguitare, to follow.

sei, six;

pres. of essere.

seicento, six hundred.

sella, saddle.

selvaggina, game.

selvatico, wild, savage.

sembrare, to seem.

semplice, simple;

n. m., medicinal plant.

semplicemente, simply.

sempre, always, ever, still;

—– che, provided that.

seno, bosom, breast.

senonchè, except that.

sensibile, perceptible.

sensitivo, sensitive, delicate.

senso, sense, direction, meaning, impression.

sentiero, path, by-way.

sentimento, sentiment, feeling.

sentire, to hear, feel;

——si, to feel.

senza, without.

separarsi, to be separated from.

separazione, separation.

sepolcrale, sepulchral.

seppe, pret. of sapere.

seppellire, to bury.

seppure, if indeed.

sera, evening.

serata, evening.

serbare, to keep, lay up.

sereno, serene, clear, calm; clear weather.

sergente, sergeant.

seriamente, seriously.

serie, f., series, succession.

serio, serious;

sul –, seriously, sincerely.

serpe, f., serpent.

serpentello, young serpent.

serrare, to squeeze, press.

serratura, lock.

servigio, service.

servire, to serve.

servizio, service.

servo, servant.

sesto, sixth.

sete, f., thirst.

sette, seven.

settembre, m., September.

settimana, week.

sfamare, to satisfy a person's hunger.

sfarzosamente, splendidly.

sfarzoso, splendid, magnificent.

sfidare, to challenge, mistrust.

sfogare, to exhale, vent, discharge, let escape.

sfoggiare, to display, flaunt.

sfogliare, to look through.

sforzare, to force, compel.

sforzo, effort, endeavor.

sfuggire, to escape, avoid.

sgarbataccio! rude boy!

sgarbo, impoliteness, rudeness.

sghignazzare, to laugh derisively.

sghimbescio, bow-legged;

a –, aslant, awry.

sgombro, free, clear.

sgomentare, to alarm, frighten.

sgomento, fear, alarm.

sgorgare, to flow out, diffuse.

sgridare, to rebuke, scold.

sguaiato! silly boy!

sguardo, look, glance.

sguizzare, to escape, slip.

si, one, people, we, they, etc.; himself, herself, etc.

sì, yes, truly, indeed, so.

sia, subj. of essere; either, or.

siamo, pres. of essere.

siccome, as.

siciliano, Sicilian.

sicuramente, surely.

sicuro, certainly.

siede, pres. of sedere.

sifatto, such.

sigaro, cigar.

significare, to mean, signify.

significato, meaning.

signora, lady, mistress, madam.

signor(e), sir, Mr., gentleman, lord, noble.

signorina, young lady.

signorino, young gentleman;

pl., young persons.

sii, imper. of essere.

silenzio, silence.

silenzioso, silent.

simbolo, symbol.

simile, like, similar, such.

simpatia, sympathy.

simpatico, sympathetic.

simulare, to resemble.

sincerità, sincerity.

sincero, sincere, in earnest.

sindaco, syndic, city magistrate, mayor.

singhiozzo, sob, sobbing.

sinistra, left hand, side.

sinistramente, ominously.

sinistro, left, sinister; disaster.

sino, until, even to;

sin da, from, after.

sintomo, symptom, sign.

sistema, m., system.

sito, site, situation.

situazione, situation.

slacciato, loose, unfastened.

slanciare, to launch, throw, fire, shoot off.

slancio, rush, burst.

smagliare, to sparkle, be bright, be clear.

smarrimento, bewilderment.

smascherato, unmasked.

smessero, pret. of smettere.

smesso, part of smettere.

smettere, to give up, quit, cease, stop, yield.

smilzo, thin, spare.

snodare, to untie, loosen.

so, pres. of sapere.

soave, mild, gentle, sweet.

soavità, suavity, gentleness.

società, company, society.

socio, associate, colleague.

soddisfare, to satisfy, please.

soddisfatto, satisfied, pleased.

soddisfazione, satisfaction.

sodo, firm, steady, serious.

soffitto, ceiling.

soffocante, suffocating.

soffocare, to stifle, suppress.

soffrire, to suffer.

soggetto, subject, fellow.

soggezione, subjection, awe.

soggiornare, to sojourn, live.

soggiorno, sojourn, stay, visit.

soggiungere, to add, reply.

soggiunse, pret. of soggiungere.

sognare, to dream of, dream.

sogno, dream, wild fancy.

solamente, only.

solcato, furrowed.

solco, furrow, groove.

soldato, soldier.

soldo, an Italian cent, copper.

sole, m., sun, sunshine.

solere, to be accustomed.

solitario, lonely, deserted.

solito, ordinary, usual;

per il –, usually.

solitudine, solitude.

sollecitamente, promptly.

sollevare, to raise, stir up, relieve;

——si, to rise.

solo, only, alone, mere, sole;

da –, to himself.

soltanto, only, solely.

somigliante, alike, resembling.

somigliare, to resemble.

sommariamente, summarily.

sommergersi, to sink, drown.

sommerso, submerged, sunk.

sommesso, subdued, low.

somministrare, to administer, give.

sommissione, f., submission.

sommo, supreme, greatest; summit.

sonare, to play, sound, ring.

sonnacchioso, sleepy, drowsy.

sonno, sleep;

pigliar –, to fall asleep.

sono, pres. of essere.

sonoro, sonorous.

sopportare, to support.

sopra, upon, on, above.

soprabito, overcoat.

sopraggiungere, to come up suddenly.

soprascritta, superscription.

soprattenda, curtain, hanging.

sopratutto, especially.

sopravvento, windward, upper hand.

sopravvivere, to survive.

sopravvivolo, houseleek, longevity.

sor, for signor.

sorcio, mouse.

sordo, deaf, dull.

sorella, sister, companion.

sorgere, to arise.

sormontato, surmounted.

sorprendere, to surprise, detect.

sorpresa, surprise.

sorprese, pret. of sorprendere.

sorpreso, surprised.

sorridente, smiling.

sorridere, to smile.

sorrise, pret. of sorridere.

sorriso, smile;

part. of sorridere.

sorseggiare, to sip.

sorte, f., lot, destiny, fate.

sorvegliante, m., surveillant.

sorveglianza, surveillance.

sospendere, to suspend, defer.

sospeso, in suspense, hanging, suspended.

sospettare, to suspect, doubt.

sospirare, to sigh.

sospirato, desired, wished for.

sospiro, sigh.

sospirone, m., deep sigh.

sosta, pause.

sostanza, substance, property.

sottana, skirt, petticoat, linen.

sottile, fine, slender.

sotto, under;

per di –, under.

sottostante, lying below.

sottovoce, in an undertone, softly.

sottrarsi (a), to free one's self from, get away from.

sovente, often.

soverchio, excessive.

sovrumano, superhuman.

Spagna, Spain.

spagnuolo, Spanish, Spaniard.

spalla, shoulder.

spalmare, to daub, cover.

sparago, asparagus.

sparlare, to slander, speak ill of.

sparso, scattered.

sparuto, thin, wan.

spasimo, spasm, convulsion.

spassionato, impartial.

spasso, amusement, diversion.

spaventare, to frighten, terrify.

spaventevole, frightful.

spazio, space.

spazzare, to sweep, clean.

spazzaturaio, scavenger.

specchio, looking-glass, mirror.

specialmente, especially.

specie, f., species, kind, sort.

spedale, m., hospital.

spedire, to despatch.

spegnere, to extinguish, put out.

spelato, threadbare.

spendere, to spend.

spense, pret. of spegnere.

spenzolare, to hang, be suspended.

sperabile, to be hoped.

speranza, hope, expectation.

sperare, to hope.

spesa, expense.

spesso, often, frequently; frequent.

spettacolo, spectacle.

spettatore, m., spectator.

spezzato, broken to pieces;

alla spezzata, piecemeal, brokenly.

spiccare, to set off, stand out, shine.

spicciarsi, to make haste.

spicco, display, show.

spiegare, to explain, unfold, set, display.

spietato, pitiless, cruel.

spina, thorn.

spingere, to push, urge.

spira, fold, coil.

spirare, to blow.

spirito, spirit, mind.

sponda, edge, brink, bank.

sponsali, m. pl., espousals.

sporgere, to stretch out, put out.

sporse, pret. of sporgere.

sportello, coach-door, trap-door, slide.

sposa, bride, spouse, wife.

sposare, to wed, marry.

sposo, spouse, husband;

pl., married people, bride and bridegroom.

sprigionare, to release, free.

sprofondarsi, to sink.

sproloquio, long discourse.

spronare, to spur.

sprone, m., spur.

sproposito, absurdity, nonsense.

sprovvisto, destitute.

spumeggiare, to foam.

spuntare, to rise.

sputare, to eject, throw out.

squarciagola; a –, with all one's might.

squarciare, to tear open.

squillante, loud, resounding.

squisito, exquisite, perfect.

stabilimento, establishment.

stabilito, fixed, established.

staccare, to detach, sever, take away.

stagione, season.

stamani, this morning.

stampa, the press, printing.

stanchezza, fatigue.

stanco, tired.

stanza, room, apartment.

stanzuccia, little room.

stare, to stand, stay, be;

—– a, to depend upon, rest with;

——sene, to stand;

—– per, to be on the point of.

stasera, this evening, to-night.

stato, part. of essere; state, condition, profession.

statura, stature, height.

stazione, station.

stella, star.

stemperare, to dilute, dissolve.

stentare, to want, lack, have difficulty.

stento, toil, want;

a –, with difficulty, hardly.

sterpi, m. pl., underbrush.

stesso, same, self, even.

stette (ro), pret. of stare.

stile, m., style.

stimato, esteemed.

stipendio, stipend, pay.

stirare, to iron, stretch.

stivale, m., boot.

stoffa, stuff, material, cloth.

stomacato, disgusted.

stomaco, stomach.

stonatura, discord.

storia, story, history.

stormire, m., rustling.

storto, distorted, mistaken.

strada, road, route, street, track;

—– ferrata, railroad.

stralunare, to roll (the eyes).

strano, strange.

straordinario, extra, extraordinary.

strapazzare, to abuse, scold.

strappare, to break, pluck, drag.

straziante, harrowing.

strepito, noise.

stretta, pressing, shake, oppression.

strettamente, tightly.

stretto, part. of stringere; strict, tight, heavy.

stridulo, shrill.

striminzito, very slender.

stringere, to pull tight, press, shake, draw close, form.

strinse (ro), pret. of stringere.

striscia, streak, stream.

stritolare, to grind, crush.

stropicciare, to rub.

strozzato, strangled, choked.

struggersi, to be consumed, overcome.

struggimento, desire, longing, burst, throb.

studente, m., student, schoolboy, pupil.

studiare, to study.

studio, study, office.

stufa, stove.

stupefatto, stupefied, amazed.

stupidamente, stupidly.

stupirsi, to be astonished, surprised.

stupore, m., surprise, admiration.

stuzzicare, to incite, urge on.

su, up, on, upon, out of, at, in; come! get up!

all'in – up.

subalterno, subordinate.

subire, to undergo.

subitaneo, sudden.

subito, at once, immediately.

succedere, to happen, take place, follow, succeed.

successe, pret. of succedere.

successivo, following.

successo, part. of succedere.

sudicio, dirty, filthy.

sudore, m., perspiration.

suocero, father-in-law.

suole, pres. of solere.

suolo, ground, soil.

suonare. See sonare.

suono, sound.

superare, to overcome, pass.

superbo, proud.

superfluo, superfluous.

superstite, m., survivor.

supino, flat, on one's back.

supplicare, to beg, entreat.

supplice, suppliant, entreating.

supplichevole, entreating.

supplire, to fill the place of.

supporre, to suppose.

supposizione, supposition.

supremo, supreme, final.

suscitare, to raise, provoke.

sussidio, subsidy.

sussurrio, buzzing.

susurrare, to whisper, murmur.

svanito, vanished.

svegliare, to awake, rouse;

——si, to awake.

svegliato, awake.

svelare, to reveal.

svelto, slender.

svenire, to faint.

sventura, misfortune.

svenuto, unconscious.

svestito, undressed.

svigorito, enervated, weakened.

svincolare, to wrest, free.

svizzero, Swiss.

svolta, turn, bend.

tabacco, tobacco, snuff.

taccuino, note-book.

tacere, to be silent, hold one's tongue.

tacque, pret. of tacere.

tagliare, to cut, pierce.

tale(tal), such, like;

—– altro, a certain other;

un –, a certain one.

talento, will, wish, pleasure.

talpa, mole.

taluno, somebody, some one.

tamburo, drum.

tantino, very little.

tanto, so much, as much, so many, as many, so, only;

di – in –, from time to time;

—– e –, yet, in any case, after all;

ogni –, every now and then.

tantochè, so that.

tappeto, carpet, cover.

tappezzeria, tapestry, hangings, paper.

tappezziere, m., upholsterer.

tardare, to tarry, delay, be long.

tardi, late.

tasca, pocket.

tassa, tax.

tasto, touch, feeling.

tavola, table;

—– rotonda, table d'hôte.

tavolino, little table.

tavolo, table.

tazza, cup.

tè, m., tea.

teatro, theatre.

tedesco, German, Austrian.

telegraficamente, by telegraph.

telegrafico, telegraphic.

telegrafista, m., telegraphic operator.

telegrafo, telegraph.

tema, m., theme, subject.

temere, to fear.

tempaccio, bad weather.

temperare, to prepare, make.

temperino, penknife.

tempesta, storm, tempest.

tempestato, sprinkled, studded.

tempia, temple, side of forehead.

tempio, temple, church.

tempo, time, weather;

per –, early.

temporale, m., storm.

tenda, curtain.

tendenza, propensity.

tendina, curtain.

tenebra, darkness.

teneramente, tenderly.

tenere, to hold, keep;

—– dietro, to follow.

tenerezza, tenderness.

tenero, tender, soft.

tenore, m., tenor, contents, import.

tenorino, young tenor singer.

tentare, to attempt, try.

tentativo, attempt.

tenuta, possession, estate.

teologo, theologian.

tepido, tepid, warm, gentle.

terminare, to finish, terminate.

termine, m., end, terni, limit, time.

terra, earth, ground, land;

per –, on the ground.

terrà, fut. of tenere.

terreno, lower; ground.

terzo, third, triple.

teso, intent, attentive.

tesoro, treasure.

testa, head.

testimone, m., witness.

testina, little head.

testolina, little head.

tetto, roof, top of house, attic.

tettoia, train-shed.

ticchio, caprice, fancy, whim.

tiene, pres. of tenere.

timidamente, timidly.

timone, m., rudder, helm.

timonella, carriage.

timore, m., fear.

tintinnio, tinkling, rattling.

tipo, type.

tirare, to draw, pull, blow (of wind);

——si avanti, to make one's way;

—– da, to take after, resemble.

tirata, pulling, pull.

tiro, throw, pull, set;

—– a sei, coach and six.

tirreno, Mediterranean.

titolo, title, reason.

to'! come! well! what!

toccare (a), to touch, fall to, happen to, concern.

tocco, stroke, beat.

togliere, to take, seize.

tollerare, to bear, endure.

tolsi, pret. of togliere.

toltone, excepting.

tomba, tomb, grave.

tonante, thundering.

topajola, rat-trap.

topo, rat, mouse.

torcia, torch.

tormentare, to torment, vex.

tornare, to return, begin again;

——sene, to return.

torto, wrong;

aver –, to be wrong.

torvo, grim, fierce, surly.

toscano, Tuscan, of Tuscany.

tosse, f., cough.

tossicoloso, troubled with a cough.

tossire, to cough.

tra, between, among, in, within.

traballare, to reel, totter.

traccia, trace.

tradire, to betray.

tradizione, tradition.

traere. See trarre.

trafelato, out of breath.

tragedia, tragedy.

tragico, tragical.

tragitto, passage, voyage, trip.

tramestio, confusion.

tramontare, to set, go down;

n. m., setting.

tramonto, sunset.

tranne, except.

tranquillo, tranquil, calm, quiet.

trappola, trap, mouse-trap.

trarre, to draw, drag, pull, derive.

trascinare, to drag, trail.

trascorso, bygone, past.

trassero, pret. of trarre.

trattamento, treatment.

trattare, to treat;

si tratta di, it is a question of.

trattato, treatise.

trattenere, to hold, keep waiting, keep back;

——si, to remain, stay, hold on.

tratto, tract, extent, turn, instant;

part. of trarre;

i – in –, from time to time;

a un –, at once, suddenly.

travaglio, toil, labor, trouble.

traversata, passage, voyage.

traverso, sideways, crosswise;

a – a, across, through.

travolgere, to throw down, roll.

travolto, drawn on.

tre, three.

trecentista, m., a writer of the fourteenth century.

tremante, trembling.

tremito, trembling.

tremolare, to tremble, flicker.

tremulo, tremulous.

treno, train.

trenta, thirty.

trepidante, trembling.

tribolazione, tribulation.

tribunale, m., tribunal, court of justice.

tricolore, tricolored.

trillo, trill, cry, crow.

trina, trimming, lace.

trincato, sly.

trionfale, triumphal.

tripudio, tumultuous joy.

triste, sad.

tristezza, sadness.

triviale, common, ordinary.

tromba, trumpet, bugle.

troncare, to cut off, suppress.

troncato, choked, broken.

tronco, trunk.

troppo, too, too much, too many.

trotto, trot.

trovare, to find, visit;

——si, to be.

trovatello, foundling.

truffatore, m., impostor, swindler.

tubare, m., cooing.

tumulto, tumult, uproar.

tumultuoso, tumultuous.

tuono, thunder, tone.

turbare, to disturb;

——si, to get disturbed, disconcerted.

turbine, m., whirlwind.

turbinoso, tempestuous.

turco, Turkish.

tuttavia, however, nevertheless.

tutto, all, everything; very, all over;

tutti e due, both.

ubbidiente, obedient.

uccello, bird.

uccidere, to kill, slay.

uccise, pret. of uccidere.

udire, to bear.

uditore, m., auditor, hearer.

ufficiale, m., officer.

ufficio, office, duty.

ufficioso, officious, obliging.

uffiziale. See ufficiale.

uggioso, wearied, annoyed.

uguale, equal, like, similar.

ultimamente, recently.

ultimo, last, latest.

umanamente, humanely, kindly.

umanità, humanity.

umano, human.

umido, humid, moist.

umile, humble.

umiliazione, humiliation.

umore, m., humor, mood, temper.

undici, eleven.

unicamente, only.

unico, only, sole.

uniforme, uniform, even, regular.

unito, united.

università, university.

universo, universe, world.

uno, one, an.

unto, grease.

uomo, man.

urlare, to howl, shriek.

urlo, howl, wail, shriek.

urna, ballot-box.

urtare, to dash against, grate upon.

usanza, usage.

usare, to use, employ, show.

usciere, porter, doorkeeper.

uscio, door, entrance.

uscire, to come out, go out, issue.

uso, use.

usucapione, f., usucaption.

utile, useful.

utilizzare, to utilize.

va, va', vai, pres. ind. or imper. of andare.

vacanza, vacation, holidays.

vado, pres. of andare.

vagabondo, vagabond, rambling.

vago, vague.

valente, clever, skilful.

valere, to be worth, be sufficient, avail;

far –, to turn to account, make the most of.

valore, m., valor, bravery, value, worth.

valorosamente, valiantly, bravely.

valsero, pret. of valere.

vaniloquio, vain discourse.

vanità, vanity.

vantarsi, to boast.

vapore, m., vapor, mist, steam, steamer.

variazione, variation.

varietà, variety.

vario, varied, different, various.

vasetto, little vase, pot.

ve. See vi.

vecchia, old woman.

vecchietta, little old woman.

vecchiezza, old age.

vecchio, old.

vedere, to see;

far –, to show.

vedetta, vedette, sentinel.

vedova, widow.

vedovo, widower; widowed.

veicolo, vehicle.

vela, sail.

velare, to veil, cover.

velluto, velvet.

velocità, velocity.

vena, vein.

venatura, veining, vein.

vendere, to sell.

venditore, m., seller, vender.

venerato, revered, venerated.

venerazione, veneration.

veneto, Venetian.

venire, to come, be;

—– su, to grow up.

venti, twenty.

vento, wind.

venturo, future, coming, next.

veramente, truly, really.

verbo, verb, word.

verboso, verbose, wordy.

verde, m., verdure, green;

adj., green.

verdetto, verdict.

vergogna, shame.

vergognarsi, to be ashamed.

verità, truth.

vermiglio, red, rosy.

vero, true, real; truth.

verrà, fut. of venire.

verrei, cond. of venire.

verso (di), towards; verse, line, way, side.

veste, f., garment, clothes.

vestiario, suit of clothes.

vestire, to clothe, dress, cover, wear;

——si, to dress.

vestitacci, m. pl., old, ragged clothes.

vestito, suit, clothes, gown.

vetro, glass, pane of glass.

vetta, top (of tree).

vettura, carriage, coach.

vezzo, charm, beauty.

vi, there; to you, you.

via, way, road, street; away, on, indeed, come!

—– – che, as;

—– vai, movement, bustle.

viaggiare, to travel.

viaggiatore, m., traveller, passenger.

viaggio, journey, voyage.

vicenda, change, turn, vicissitude;

a –, in turn.

vicina, neighbor.

vicinanza, vicinity.

vicino, near; neighbor.

vide, pret. of vedere.

vien(e), pres. of venire.

viglietto, note, card;

—– da visita, visiting-card.

vigna, vineyard, vine.

vigorosamente, vigorously.

vile, vile, base, abject.

villaggio, village.

villeggiare, to stay at one's villa.

villeggiatura, stay at one's villa.

vincere, to conquer, win, overcome.

vino, wine.

vinse, pret. of vincere.

vinto, part. of vincere.

violenza, violence, force.

virtù, virtue, power.

visita, visit, call.

visitare, to visit.

viso, face, countenance, look.

vista, sight, eyesight, view, search.

visto, part. of vedere.

vita, life, shape, waist.

vitale, vital, of life.

vittima, victim.

vivace, vivacious, lively.

vivente, living.

vivere, to live.

viveri, m. pl., provisions.

vivificare, to vivify.

vivo, alive, blooming, vivid.

viziato, vitiated.

vocabolario, vocabulary.

voce, f., voice.

vocina, soft voice.

vocione, m., strong, loud voice.

voga, fashion, vogue.

vogare, to row.

voglia, desire, longing.

voglio, pres. of volere.

volare, to fly, soar, run.

volentieri. See volentieri.

volere, to wish, be willing, want, please;

—– dire, to mean, signify;

ci vuole, it takes, requires;

—– bene a, to wish well, like, love;

n. m., will, pleasure.

volgare, vulgar, common.

volgere, to turn.

volontà, will.

volentieri, willingly.

volpe, f., fox.

volta, time.

voltare, to turn, translate, turn round;

——si, to turn, turn round.

volto, face.

volume, m., volume, book.

voluttà, pleasure, delight.

vorrà, fut. of volere.

vorrei, cond. of volere.

vortice, m., vortex, whirlpool.

voto, vote.

vuoi, vuole, pres. of volere.

vuotare, to empty, drain, hollow out.

vuoto, empty, solitary

zampa, paw.

zio, uncle;

pl., relatives.

zitella, maid, spinster.

zitellona, spinster.

zotica, rude woman.

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